3 The Copernicus Era 17 3.1 Cloudy Sightlines: ζ Oph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.2 Intercloud Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.3 Deuterium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.4 Molecular Hydrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.5 The Distrib...

Ideas by Statistical Mechanics (ISM) is a generic program to model evolution and propagation of ideas/patterns throughout populations subjected to endogenous and exogenous interactions. The program is based on the author’s work in Statistical Mechanics of Neocortical Interactions (SMNI), and uses the author’s Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA) code for optimizations of training sets, as well as...

We present a preliminary study of using the template of an ensemble of evolving shells we developed for M 82 (Yao 2009). we apply the model to represent various stages of starburst evolution in a well known sample of nearby luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs). In this way, we attempt to interpret the relationship between the degree of molecular excitation and ratio of far-infrared (FIR) to CO lu...

Purpose – Despite many technically sophisticated solutions, managing information security has remained a persistent challenge for organizations. Emerging IT/ICT media have posed new security challenges to business information and information assets. It is felt that technical solutions alone are not sufficient to address the information security challenge. It has been argued that organizations a...

Radiative transfer equilibrium models of nearby interstellar matter (ISM) are required to determine the boundary conditions of the heliosphere from astronomical observations of nearby stars. These models are also constrained by data on the ISM inside of the solar system, including pickup ion, anomalous cosmic rays, and in situ He data. The two best ISM models give semi-empirical filtration fact...