This article provides a formalization of the W3C Draft Core SHACL Semantics specification using Z notation. This formalization exercise has identified a number of quality issues in the draft. It has also established that the recursive definitions in the draft are well-founded. Further formal validation of the draft will require the use of an executable specification technology.

A key issue when reasoning with default rules is how to order them so as to derive plausible conclusions according to the more specific rules applicable to the situation under concern, to make sure that default rules are not systematically inhibited by more general rules, and to cope with the problem of irrelevance of facts with respect to exceptions. Pearl's system Z enables us to rank-order d...

Web Appendix A: Extended Models In the main paper we considered models with a separate survival probability for animals in their first year of life. We may wish to consider the survival probability separately for longer than a year, for example if an animal is juvenile for longer than a year. To include such cases we extend the models examined to consider survival separately for the first J yea...

RÉSUMÉ. La construction d'un analyseur syntaxique pour un langage de spécification formelle tel que l'Object Z n'est pas une tâche facile. En effet, elle nécessite une double compétence aussi bien dans le domaine de la compilation que dans le domaine de la spécification formelle. Dans cet article, nous présentons tout d'abord quelques outils de vérifications des spécifications écrites en Z et O...

We present a novel 3D object retrieval method that relies upon a hybrid descriptor which is composed of 2D features based on depth buffers and 3D features based on spherical harmonics. To compensate for rotation, two alignment methods, namely CPCA and NPCA, are used while compactness is supported via scalar feature quantization to a set of values that is further compressed using Huffman coding....

Mobile Object-Z (MobiOZ) is an extended notation of Object-Z with mobile and communication primitives required for mobile agent applications. In this paper, we will give an overview of the MobiOZ language features and present its semantic foundation. We also demonstrate expressiveness of the notation through a number of examples.

‎Complex-valued harmonic functions that are univalent and‎ ‎sense-preserving in the open unit disk $U$ can be written as form‎ ‎$f =h+bar{g}$‎, ‎where $h$ and $g$ are analytic in $U$‎. ‎In this paper‎, ‎we introduce the class $S_H^1(beta)$‎, ‎where $1<betaleq 2$‎, ‎and‎ ‎consisting of harmonic univalent function $f = h+bar{g}$‎, ‎where $h$ and $g$ are in the form‎ ‎$h(z) = z+sumlimits_{n=2}^inf...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Various methods for evaluating the lateralization of linguistic function using functional MR imaging have been proposed. However, the optimal method remains controversial. The purpose of this study was not only to establish a method for quantitatively evaluating the lateralization of linguistic function but also to evaluate its optimality. METHODS Internal speech tasks ...

In this paper we discuss how the speciication of components may be separated from the description of the context in which they are used. There are a number of ways in which this might be possible and here we show how to use the technique of promotion in Object-Z to combine components which are speciied using process algebras. We discuss two approaches, the rst is to separate out the speciica-ti...