UML models quality is clearly a crucial issue that must be evaluated at the initial stages of object-oriented software development, in order to get software products with better quality. This fact is corroborated by the huge amount of metrics that have appeared in the literature related to the measurement of UML diagrams at a high level design stage. Most of these metrics are focused on the mea...

Pathological bone resorption is a source of significant morbidity in diseases affecting the skeleton such as rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis, and cancer metastasis to bone. Evidence indicates that elevated levels of inflammatory mediators such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α play a role in this process by promoting the formation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Additionally, current studies have ide...

A concept called Model Driven Architecture was launched in 2001 by the Object Management Group as a way of supporting Model Driven Engineering. The concept of using models to aid in the design of computer software is not new, however the use of models as a primary design artifact, and tools to automatically generate structural code from them is a newer approach. A typical problem however has be...

Osteoclast (OCL) precursors from patients with Paget’s disease (PD) and normal OCL precursors transduced with the measles virus nucleocapsid protein gene (MVNP) are hyperresponsive to 1 ,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1 ,25-(OH)2D3] and can form OCLs at physiologic concentrations of 1 ,25(OH)2D3. This hyperresponsivity to 1 ,25-(OH)2D3 is due to increased expression of TATA box-associated factor II-17...

This paper deals with formal foundations for a subset of the UML notation (subset of class diagrams and constraints in OCL). There are already various proposals for semantics of UML and a few for OCL. Nevertheless, it is argued that these approaches are not fully adequate for building a conceptual bridge between the programming artifacts produced from UML/OCL and the formal semantics. A differe...

MOF and OCL are commonly used for metamodeling: MOF to model the domain structure, and OCL for the well-formedness rules. Thus, metamodelers have to master both formalisms and understand how to articulate them in order to build metamodels that accurately capture domain knowledge. A systematic empirical analysis of the conjunct use of MOF and OCL in existing metamodels could help metamodelers un...

The Object Constraint Language (OCL) was introduced to support the specification of constraints for UML diagrams and is mainly used to formulate invariants and operation preand postconditions. Though OCL is also applied in behavioral diagrams, e.g., as guards for state transitions, it is currently not possible to specify constraints concerning the dynamic behavior and timing properties of such ...

Topological integrity constraints control the topological properties of spatial objects and the validity of their topological relationships in spatial databases. These constraints can be specified by using formal languages such as the spatial extension of the Object Constraint Language (OCL). Spatial OCL allows the expression of topological constraints involving crisp spatial objects. However, ...

Reuse is a fundamental concept of efficient software development. Objectoriented implementation languages offer reuse on different levels of granularity: method, class, library. While encapsulation of implementation code within methods and classes enables reuse within a project, user-defined libraries are widely used to share implementation code among different projects. The specification langu...

The definition of the semantics of visual languages, in particular Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams, using graph formalism has known a wide success, since graphs fit the multi-dimensional nature of this kind of language. However, constraints written in Object Constraint Language (OCL) and defined on these models are still not well integrated within this graph-based semantics. In this ch...