The development of appropriate ground-based validation techniques is critical to assessing uncertainties associated with satellite databased products. Here we present a method for validation of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Leaf Area Index (LAI) product with emphasis on the sampling strategy for field data collection. This paper, the first of two-part series, details...

Understanding the impact of vegetation mixture and misclassification on leaf area index (LAI) estimation is crucial for algorithm development and the application community. Using the MODIS standard land cover and LAI products, global LAI climatologies and statistics were obtained for both pure and mixed pixels to evaluate the effects of biome mixture on LAI estimation. Misclassification between...

To accurately estimate leaf area index (LAI) in mangrove areas, the selection of appropriate models and predictor variables is critical. However, there is a major challenge in quantifying and mapping LAI using multi-spectral sensors due to the saturation effects of traditional vegetation indices (VIs) for mangrove forests. WorldView-2 (WV2) imagery has proven to be effective to estimate LAI of ...

Small molecule signaling promotes the communication between bacteria as well as between bacteria and eukaryotes. The opportunistic pathogenic bacterium Legionella pneumophila employs LAI-1 (3-hydroxypentadecane-4-one) for bacterial cell-cell communication. LAI-1 is produced and detected by the Lqs (Legionella quorum sensing) system, which regulates a variety of processes including natural compe...

Leaf area index (LAI) is an important parameter of vegetation ecosystems, which can reflect the growth status of vegetation, and its inversion result has important significance on forestry system. The inversion values of forest LAI exists a certain deviation using traditional method. The airborne LiDAR technology adopts a new type of aerial earth observation method and makes it possible to esti...

Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics can have considerable advantages over oral medications for the management of patients with schizophrenia. Despite the high prevalence of treatment nonadherence with oral pharmacotherapy, LAI antipsychotics are significantly underutilized in this patient population. The availability of newer LAI antipsychotic preparations combined with a resurgent inte...

The seasonal phenology of the leaf area index (LAI) is a major determinant of net ecosystem production in deciduous forest ecosystems. This study describes seasonal and inter-annual differences in LAI in a boreal aspen-hazelnut forest in central Saskatchewan, Canada, between 1994 and 2003, and relates the differences in LAI to annual net ecosystem production (FNEP). A robust method is developed...

Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (PNTM) infections represent a treatment challenge. Liposomal amikacin for inhalation (LAI) is a novel formulation currently in development for the treatment of PNTM infections. The pulmonary deposition and elimination of LAI and its effect on macrophage function were evaluated in a series of preclinical studies in healthy rats. The pulmonary deposition of ...

Leaf area index (LAI) is one of the most important parameter of forest structure. The study site was an isolated forest in Kyoto City in Japan and it vegetation type was mixed forest. We took fisheye photos at 102 points in the study area, and calculated the LAI and Canopy-open. We classified the laser data into 4 classes, that is, First pulse, Last pulse, Only pulse and Ground pulse. We counte...