Dear Editor, Although various underlying conditions such as increased intracranial pressure, inflammation, ischemia, or compression can induce optic disc edema (ODE), all forms of disc swelling ultimately result from blockage of axo-plasmic transport [1]. In contrast to these types of ODE, which can generally be managed by systemic treatment of the underlying etiology, we describe a case of ODE...

Sometimes an ordinary differential equation (ODE) solver gives the results it should, even if they are unexpected or undesirable. To obtain correct, expected numerical results, both relative and absolute error control tolerances must be chosen judiciously. Here we attempt to clear up some possible misunderstandings regarding the performance of a popular ODE solver and error control.

This paper describes mathematical and software developments for a suite of programs for solving ordinary differential equations in Matlab.

Here, • m > 0 is the mass. • k > 0 is the spring constant and the spring force −ku(t) is modeled to be proportional to u(t) (i.e. Hooke’s law). The minus sign shows that it is always a restoring force which pulls the mass back towards the equilibrium. • γ ≥ 0 is the damping constant. The damping force may come from the medium (e.g. air, water, or honey), the spring or other sources. It has a mi...

2 Modeling with ODE 2 2.1 Compartment Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.2 Chemical Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2.1 Elementary Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2.2 Complex Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

Two kinds of well studied dynamical systems are state and time discrete ones (important in Computer Science) and state and time continuous ones (heavily considered in Automatic Control). Whereas in the discrete setting, the analysis of computational power of models has led to well-known hierarchies, the situation is more confused in the continuous case. A possible way to discriminate between th...

BACKGROUND There is a need to have a model to study methadone's losses during hemodialysis to provide informed methadone dose recommendations for the practitioner. AIM To build a one-dimensional (1-D), hollow-fiber geometry, ordinary differential equation (ODE) and partial differential equation (PDE) countercurrent hemodialyzer model (ODE/PDE model). METHODOLOGY We conducted a cross-section...

Coupled cell systems associated with a coupled network are determined by (smooth) vector fields that consistent the structure. Here, we follow formalisms of Stewart, Golubitsky and Pivato (Symmetry groupoids patterns synchrony in networks, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst. 2 (4) (2003) 609--646), Golubistky, Stewart Torok (Patterns networks multiple arrows, Dynam. Sys. 4 (1) (2005) 78--100) Field (Combi...

To improve the oral bioavailability of cidofovir (CDV), a series of ether lipid ester prodrugs were synthesized and evaluated for activity against murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection. Four of these analogs, hexadecyloxypropyl (HDP)-CDV, octadecyloxyethyl (ODE)-CDV, oleyloxyethyl (OLE)-CDV, and oleyloxypropyl (OLP)-CDV, were found to have greater activity than CDV against human CMV and MCMV ...

VPM (continuation method or homotopy method) may be considered as special development and modification of classical Newton’s method, see [1] [5], [16]. The main idea of VPM admits short formulation: reducing of a given problem to some IVP for ODE. This fundamental principle of mathematical physics is well known, widely used and effective because IVP for ODE may be considered as a routine comput...