Long Term Evolution (LTE) is 3GPP enhancement to the current cellular system in use. The purpose of developing this system is to keep 3GPP systems competent enough for decades to come. LTE is designed to have wider channels up to 20MHz, with low latency and packet optimized radio access technology. The peak data rate envisaged for LTE is 100 Mbps in downlink and 50 Mbps in the uplink. With OFDM...

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) play a role in inflammation and carcinogenesis. Biomarkers that reflect tobacco smoke-induced tissue injury are needed. In this study, levels of urinary prostaglandin E metabolite (PGE-M) and leukotriene E(4) (LTE(4)), biomarkers of the COX and 5-LO pathways, were compared in never smokers, former smokers, and current smokers. The effects of ce...

We perform non-LTE calculations of lithium in late-type stars for a wide range of stellar parameters, including quantum mechanical cross-sections for collisions with neutral hydrogen and the negative hydrogen ion. Non-LTE abundance corrections for the lithium resonance line at 670.7 nm and the subordinate line at 610.3 nm, are calculated using 1D MARCS model atmospheres spanning a grid Teff = [...

The design of a scheduling algorithm for LTE networks is a complex task, and it has proven to be one of the main challenges for LTE systems. There are many issues to be addressed in order to obtain a high spectral efficiency and to meet the application’s QoS requirements. In this context, this chapter presents a study of the resource allocation process in LTE networks. This study starts with an...

In this paper, an analytical approach for estimating the network capacity for voice communications on LTE-based public safety networks is presented. The network is modeled using Markov birth and death process. In order to provide the required Grade of Service for LTE-based public safety users, the minimum number of channels required for different levels of users’ priority is calculated. The res...

Long-Term Evolution (LTE) standard merges an all IP voice and data communications with dynamic spectrum resource scheduling. The resource scheduler must balance the QoS requirements, traffic demands, and physical channel conditions to create desirable wireless enduser performance. The purpose of our research and the focus of this paper is a development of a unified testbed platform based on Emu...

In LTE/LTE-A uplink receiver, frequency domain equalizers (FDE) are adopted to achieve good performance. However, in multi-tap channels, the residual inter-symbol and inter-antenna interference still exist after FDE and degrade the performance. Conventional interference cancellation schemes can minimize this interference by using frequency domain interference cancellation. However, those scheme...

SimuLTE is a tool that enables system-level simulations of LTE/LTE-Advanced networks within OMNeT++. It is designed such that it can be plugged within network elements as an additional Network Interface Card (NIC) to those already provided by the INET framework (e.g. Wi-Fi). Recently, device-to-device (D2D) technology has been widely studied by the research community, as a mechanism to allow di...

Congestion in LTE and other cellular networks can be reduced by cell splitting and by buying more spectrum. But due to the heavy licensing fee and the cost o f setting up new base stations, service providers have started to resort to the unlicensed spectrum, particularly the ISM band to offload some of the data from the LTE network locally, in areas of heavy user base. There does not exist a lo...

Designing of backhaul media is one of the most challenging task in implementation LTE 4G networks. Traditionally microwave/DRS of STM-1 links were used to implement LTE network. However, due to low microwave efficiency targeted bandwidth requirements of LTE were hard to achieve. Also, operators in developing countries tend to go for cost-effective solution due to lower purchase power of the peo...