The EU Directive 2010/63/EU changed the requirements regarding the use of laboratory animals and raised important issues related to assessing the severity of all procedures undertaken on laboratory animals. However, quantifiable parameters to assess severity are rare, and improved assessment strategies need to be developed. Hence, a Sheep Grimace Scale (SGS) was herein established by observing ...

The combination of a high-order unstructured spectral difference (SD) spatial discretization scheme with sub-grid scale (SGS) modeling for large-eddy simulation is investigated with particular focus on the consistent implementation of a structural mixed model based on the scale similarity hypothesis. The difficult task of deriving a consistent formulation for the discrete filter within the SD e...

Introduction to Gaussian Random Function Simulation The so-called Gaussian Random Function simulation (GRFS) differs substantially from the Sequential Gaussian simulation (SGS) from GSLIB. GRFS more accurately reproduces distributions. It is typically faster than SGS, with additional efficiencies due to its parallel architecture. GRFS also has an option to run a fast collocated cosimulation – f...

It emerges that myosin Va plays multiple roles in the trafficking of SGs (secretory granules). In addition to a function in the capture and transport of newly formed SGs in the F-actin-rich cortex, myosin Va is implicated in late transport events of these organelles, which precede their exocytosis. Consistent with these roles, interactions of myosin Va with an array of well-known proteins invol...

A large eddy simulation (LES) a posteriori study is conducted for a temporal mixing layer which initially contains different species in the lower and upper streams and in which the initial pressure is larger than the critical pressure of either species. A vorticity perturbation, initially imposed, promotes roll-up and a double pairing of four initial spanwise vortices to reach a transitional st...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the performance of dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the prostate in patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 46 male patients (median age, 65 years; range, 49-73 years) with biopsy-proven prostate cancer underwent an en bloc computed tomography perfusion (CTP) scan of the prostate before surgery...

Islet cell autoantigen 512 (ICA512)/IA-2 is a receptor tyrosine phosphatase-like protein associated with the insulin secretory granules (SGs) of pancreatic beta-cells. Here, we show that exocytosis of SGs and insertion of ICA512 in the plasma membrane promotes the Ca(2+)-dependent cleavage of ICA512 cytoplasmic domain by mu-calpain. This cleavage occurs at the plasma membrane and generates an I...

There is a wide consensus in the scientific community about the educational potential of Serious Games (SGs). However, most authors highlight that more extensive tests need to be performed in order to provide valid and reliable evidence for effectiveness of SGs as educational tools. An effective application of SGs for education and training demands appropriate metrics, analytics, tools, and tec...

An organism placed under stress prioritizes activities essential for immediate survival, postponing or abandoning less pressing concerns. This is true at the cellular level, too; stressed cells can modify their systems to cope with damage and even prioritize protein translation toward those genes that will help them overcome the crisis (1). Crucial to this effort are cytoplasmic stress granules...