This paper examines the role of learning avenues for capability development in the ITenabled services in developing countries. It sheds light on the unexplored relationship between global value chain (GVC) learning and national innovation systems (NIS) in capability development. It explores learning avenues beyond GVCs, namely in local and regional value chains. Based on data collected from 47 ...

In probabilistic inference for signal processing, medical diagnosis, code theory, digital communication, machine learning and so on, belief propagation (BP) is one of powerful approximate methods to calculate a belief for each node within a practical computational time[1]. Recently, it has been pointed out that the BP has some mathematical structures in common with advanced mean-field (MF) meth...

The idea of spherical fuzzy soft set (SFSS) is a new hybrid model (SS) and (SFS). An SFSS approach for information analysis fusion, modeling. We define the concepts spherical-fuzzy-soft-set topology (SFSS-topology) separation axioms. Several characteristics SFSS-topology are investigated related results derived. developed an extended choice value method (CVM) AHP-TOPSIS (analytical hierarchy pr...