Expression of the viral virulence protein PB1-F2 during infection has been linked to NLRP3 inflammasome complex activation in macrophages and induction of early inflammatory events enhancing immunopathology during influenza disease. We sought to determine whether PB1-F2-specific NLRP3 inflammasome activation influenced the magnitude and/or robustness of the CD8(+) T-cell responses specific for ...

This study reports on the acoustic properties of the front vowel /i/ and the fronted back vowel /u/ in Standard Southern British English (SSBE). These two vowels are realized with very similar (and for some tokens overlapping) values of F2, so that F2 does not seem to be a reliable acoustic cue for the distinction between the two vowels. To test further possible cues to the English front-back c...

Let K be a finite extension of F2. We compute the invariants of the quadratic form Q(x) = trK/F2(x(x 2a + x2 b )) and so determine the number of zeros in K. This is applied to finding the cross-correlation of certain binary sequences. Set F = F2 and K = F2k . Let

Influenza A virus PB1-F2, encoding a multi-functional protein, is regarded as a virulent gene. Variation in expression pattern and protein stability among PB1-F2 proteins derived from different strains may explain why PB1-F2 functions in a strain- and cell type-specific manner. Because the protein stability of PB1-F2 affects its biological functions, we looked for sequences important for this p...

Metabolomic studies of increased fat oxidation showed increase in circulating acylcarnitines C2, C8, C10, and C12 and decrease in C3, C4, and C5. We hypothesize that urinary F2-isoprostanes reflect intensity of fatty acid oxidation and are associated with circulating C2, C8, C10, and C12 directly and with C3, C4, and C5 inversely. Four urinary F2-isoprostane isomers and serum acylcarnitines are...

This study describes the identification of Drosophila yellow-f and yellow-f2 as dopachrome-conversion enzymes responsible for catalysing the conversion of dopachrome into 5,6-dihydroxyindole in the melanization pathway. Drosophila yellow -y gene and yellow -b, -c, -f and -f2 genes were expressed in an insect cell/baculovirus expression system and their corresponding recombinant proteins were sc...

N-n-butyl haloperidol iodide (F2), a novel compound derived from haloperidol, protects against the damaging effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we hypothesized the myocardial protection of F2 on cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury is mediated by inhibiting autophagy in H9c2 cells. The degree of autophagy by treatment with F2 exposed to ...

In previous studies, we showed that the C-terminal domain, F2, but not the N-terminal domain, F1, is responsible for the binding of apolipoprotein [a] (apo[a]) to human fibronectin (Fn). To pursue those observations, we prepared, by both elastase digestion and recombinant technology, subsets of F2 of a different length containing either kringle (K) V or the protease domain (PD). We also studied...

Horowitz [Hor1] showed that for every n ≥ 2, there exist elements w1, . . . , wn in F2 = free(a, b) which generate non-conjugate maximal cyclic subgroups of F2 and which have the property that trace(ρ(w1)) = · · · = trace(ρ(wn)) for all faithful representations ρ of F2 into SL2(C). Randol [Ran] used this result to show that the length spectrum of a hyperbolic surface has unbounded multiplicity....

Crossbreeding between indigenous and exotic sheep breeds is the fastest method of increasing the performance of sheep in the tropics. The aim of this work was to assess the performance of Cameroon sheep (C) and their crossbreds (Cameroon x Mutton, F1) and (F2 from Cameroon x Milk sheep) under different housing and feeding conditions. The following traits were analysed: Pre-weaning performance d...