The incidence, characteristics of action, and pathogenetic importance of blocking type anti-TSH receptor antibody were examined in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) from 8 of 20 patients with nongoitrous hypothyroidism contained substantial amounts of TSH binding inhibitor immunoglobulin (TBII) activity. Newborn infants of a patient with the greatest TBII activi...

Hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion from the anterior pituitary. TSH then initiates thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis and release from the thyroid gland. Although opposing TRH and TH inputs regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, TH negative feedback is thought to be the primary regulator. This hypothesis, however, has y...

BACKGROUND The role of serum TSH concentrations as a predictor of malignancy of thyroid nodule remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the usefulness of serum TSH levels as a predictor of malignancy in thyroid nodules. METHODS Patients with thyroid nodule(s) who underwent fine-needle aspiration biopsy under ultrasonographic guidance in a tertiary, university-based hospital were...

Endocrine disorders are substantial contributors to neonatal morbidity and mortality and, of these, congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common (Kumar et al. 2009). CH is a common and preventable cause of mental retardation with an incidence of approximately 1 in 2,350 live births (Hinton et al. 2010). In Iowa, the Iowa Neonatal Metabolic Screening program (INMSP) uses thyroid stimulating...

Objective: The primary aim of this study was the early detection and treatment of hypothyroidism in neonates. This paper describes the determination of cord blood serum T4 and TSH levels, their mean levels, reference ranges and interrelationship. Design: Retrospective analysis of serum T4 and TSH levels in 1153 cord blood samples collected and analyzed during July 1998 to June 2000. Setting: Ce...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hypothyroidism is linked to heart disease and decreased quality of life. Since screening guidelines for the general population are controversial, and physicians use clinical judgment in deciding to order thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), high-normal levels of TSH pose a dilemma. This study's objective was to compare rates of positive anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies...