With the recent emergence of a novel pandemic strain, there is presently intense interest in understanding the molecular signatures of virulence of influenza viruses. PB1-F2 proteins from epidemiologically important influenza A virus strains were studied to determine their function and contribution to virulence. Using 27-mer peptides derived from the C-terminal sequence of PB1-F2 and chimeric v...

Fruit extracts from black currants (Ribes nigrum L.) are traditionally used for treatment of gastritis based on seed polysaccharides that inhibit the adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to stomach cells. For detailed investigations an arabinogalactan protein (F2) was isolated from seeds and characterized concerning molecular weight, carbohydrate, amino acid composition, linkage, configuration and r...

The LiF:F2+** laser has been shown' to provide high power (hundreds ofmJ), efficient (tens of%), room temperature stable laser operation tunable from 800 nm to nearly 1210 nm. However, no reasonable explanations were provided for such an ultrabroadband tuning capability using this active medium. This work describes the mechanism ofthe ullrabroadband lasing from LiF:F2+** und Alexandrite 1asa pu...

In most common bilateral landings of vertical jumps, there are two peak forces (F1 and F2) in the force-time curve. The combination of these peak forces and the high frequency of jumps during sports produce a large amount of stress in the joints of the lower limbs which can be determinant of injury. The aim of this study was to find possible relationships between the jump height and F1 and F2, ...

In this work an efficient algorithm to perform a block decomposition for large dense rectangular matrices with entries in 2 is presented. Matrices are stored as column blocks of row major matrices in order to facilitate rows operation and matrix multiplications with block of columns. One of the major bottlenecks of matrix decomposition is the pivoting involving both rows and column exchanges. S...

We initiate a systematic study of linear sketching over F2. For a given Boolean function f : {0, 1}n → {0, 1} a randomized F2-sketch is a distributionM over d×nmatrices with elements over F2 such that Mx suffices for computing f(x) with high probability. We study a connection between F2-sketching and a two-player one-way communication game for the corresponding XOR-function. Our results show th...

To determine mechanisms underlying the transgenerational presence of metabolic perturbations in the intrauterine growth-restricted second-generation adult females (F2 IUGR) despite normalizing the in utero metabolic environment, we examined in vivo glucose kinetics and in vitro skeletal muscle postinsulin receptor signaling after embryo transfer of first generation (F1 IUGR) to control maternal...

Distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) levels in response to primary pairs (f2 = 2 or 4 kHz, L2 ranging from 20 to 60 dB SPL, L1 = 0.4L2 + 39 dB) were measured with and without suppressor tones (f3), which varied from 1 octave below to 1/2 octave above f2, in normal-hearing subjects. Suppressor level (L3) varied from -5 to 85 dB SPL. DPOAE levels were converted into decrements by subtr...

Relatively little is known about the viral factors contributing to the lethality of the 1918 pandemic, although its unparalleled virulence was likely due in part to the newly discovered PB1-F2 protein. This protein, while unnecessary for replication, increases apoptosis in monocytes, alters viral polymerase activity in vitro, enhances inflammation and increases secondary pneumonia in vivo. Howe...