background neuropathy is one of the most complications of diabetes that may be associated with changes in the structure and function of the basement membranes in nerves. laminin is one of the most important components of basement membranes in sciatic nerve. objectives in this study, the protective effects of alpha lipoic acid (ala) as an antioxidant agent on blood glucose level, body weight and...

The use of endogenous protoporphyrin IX generated after administration of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) has led to many applications in photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the bioavailability of ALA is limited by its hydrophilic properties and limited cell uptake. A promising approach to optimize the efficacy of ALA-PDT is to deliver ALA in the form of prodrugs to mask its hydrophilic nature. T...

background:   objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro developmental competence of mouse vitrified pre-antral follicles in comparison to isolated pre-antral follicles derived from vitrified ovaries in the presence of alpha lipoic acid (ala).   materials and methods: pre-antral follicles derived from fresh, vitrified-warmed ovarian tissues and vitrified–warmed pre-antral fol...

Bacteria with either intrinsic or inducible resistance to vancomycin make peptidoglycan (PG) precursors of lowered affinity for the antibiotic by switching the PG-D-Ala-D-Ala termini that are the antibiotic-binding target to either PG-D-Ala-D-lactate or PG-D-Ala-D-Ser as a consequence of altered specificity of the D-Ala-D-X ligases in the cell wall biosynthetic pathway. The VanA ligase of vanco...

Background and aimsEarly revascularization -the gold standard therapy for ischemic stroke- is often withheld in the elderly population due to high risk of complications. Thus, safe effective preventive therapeutic options are needed. The plant-derived omega-3-fatty-acid alpha-linolenic-acid (ALA) has emerged as a novel cardiovascular-protective agent. As yet, little known about its potential ef...

The following sequences of amino acids surrounding the three sulfhydryl groups of the Escherichia coli tryptophan synthetase A protein were established: Sequence I, Gly-IleAsp-Glu-Phe-Tyr-Ala-Gln-Cys-Glu-Lys-Val-Gly-ValAsp-Ser-Val-Leu-Val-Ala-Asp-Val-Gln-Glu-Ser-Ala-ProPhe-Arg; Sequence II, Arg-Ala-Phe-Ala-Ala-Gly-Val-ThrPro-Ala-Gln-Cys-Phe-Glu-Met-Leu-Ala-Leu-Ile-Arg; Sequence III, Arg-His-Asn...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to make 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-incorporated nanoparticles using methoxy polyethylene glycol/chitosan (PEG-Chito) copolymer for application in photodynamic therapy for colon cancer cells. METHODS 5-ALA-incorporated (PEG-Chito-5-ALA) nanoparticles were prepared by ion complex formation between 5-ALA and chitosan. Protoporphyrin IX accumulation in the tum...

BACKGROUND The study investigated the use of combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and stent placement for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma (CC). For this purpose, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) was incorporated into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofiber, and coated onto metal stents. Their efficacy was assessed in PDT towards HuCC-T1 CC cells. METHODS Fabrication of ALA-PVA nanofiber, and simult...