BACKGROUND Research on theory of mind (ToM) abilities in patients with bipolar disorder has yielded conflicting results. Meta-analyses point to a stable moderate impairment in remitted patients, but factors such as subsyndromal symptoms, illness severity, and deficits in basic neurocognitive functions might act as confounders. Also, differences in deficits depending on task area (cognitive or a...

Tom and ApiGen are two complementary tools which simplify the definition and the manipulation of abstract datatypes. Tom is an extension of Java which adds pattern matching facilities independently of the used data-structure. ApiGen is a generator of abstract syntax tree implementations which interacts naturally with Tom. In this paper, we show how Eclipse can be extended to support the develop...

In this study of the origins of individual differences in theory of mind (ToM), the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study sample of 1,116 sixty-month-old twin pairs completed a comprehensive battery of ToM tasks. Individual differences in ToM were striking and strongly associated with verbal ability. Behavioral genetic models of the data showed that environmental factors explained...

The ability to accurately assess others’ intents, beliefs, and emotions – called Theory of Mind (ToM) – is conjectured to be important for social cooperation. We study the role of ToM ability in fostering cooperation in the simultaneous and sequential prisoners dilemma (PD) games. Our norm-based model predicts that high ToM ability individuals will believe in more cooperation and cooperate at h...

Theory of Mind (ToM) has been well studied in psychology. It is what gives adults the ability to predict other people’s beliefs, desires, and related actions. When ToM is not yet developed, as in young children, social interaction is difficult. A cognitive system that interacts with humans on a regular basis would benefit from having a ToM. In this extended abstract, I propose a computational m...

Theory of Mind (ToM) has received significant research attention. Traditional ToM research has provided important understanding of how humans reason about mental states by utilizing shared world knowledge, social cues, and the interpretation of actions; however, many current behavioral paradigms are limited to static, "third-person" protocols. Emerging experimental approaches such as cognitive ...

WHAT DOES THIS PAPER ADD? ▸ This is the first systematic review of interventions for ToM skills in individuals with autism. ▸ The inclusion of interventions on ToM, but also on related domains (eg, emotion recognition) or precursors of ToM (eg, joint attention), and the focus on a wide range of outcome measures provides relevant information for clinical practice. ▸ These is some evidence that T...

Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to attribute mental states (e.g., beliefs and desires) to other people in order to understand and predict their behaviour. If others are rewarded to compete or cooperate with you, then what they will do depends upon what they believe about you. This is the reason why social interaction induces recursive ToM, of the sort "I think that you think that I think, e...

INTRODUCTION There is substantial evidence for Theory of Mind (ToM) deficits in patients with schizophrenia. Many psychotic symptoms may best be understood in light of an impaired capacity to infer one's own and other persons' mental states and to relate those to executing behavior. The aim of our study was to investigate ToM abilities in first-episode schizophrenia patients and to analyze them...

Social functioning depends on the ability to attribute and reason about the mental states of others--an ability known as theory of mind (ToM). Research in this field is limited by the use of tasks in which ceiling effects are ubiquitous, rendering them insensitive to individual differences in ToM ability and instances of subtle ToM impairment. Here, we present data from a new ToM task--the Shor...