Ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous (USG-PIV) catheter placement has been described in the emergency medicine literature for more than a decade. Several studies have shown that USG-PIV placement can decrease the number of needle insertion attempts, decrease the number of potentially unnecessary central line placements, and increase patient satisfaction scores. Additional evidence has shown...

The current empirical study was conducted to investigate the wall neighborhood impact on the two-dimensional flow structure and heat transfer enhancement behind a square cylinder. The low- velocity open-circle wind tunnel was used to carry out the study tests considering the cylinder diameter (D)-based Reynolds number (ReD) of 5130. The selected items to compare were different gap he...

In the chemical process industry bubble columns are widely used and there is a lot of interest in the modelling of the gas-liquid flow in such equipment with the aid of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). In order to validate CFD simulations of gas-liquid flows in bubble columns one needs detailed measurement data at moderate gas fractions (i.e. up to 5 vol.%). For the validation of CFD results...

Sashka’s Technique applied to pFBP The key step in Sashka and Russel’s technique to prove lower bounds for pFBT was to prove that for each path p of length l, PrI [S(I) ⊢ PSp | I ⊢ PIp] ≤ 1 f . We extend this to a technique for pFBP. The key step is to prove that for each node v at depth l, PrI [S(I) ⊢ PSv | I ⊢ PIv] ≤ 1 f . My intuition was that PrI [S(I) ⊢ PSv | I ⊢ PIv] ≤ maxp∈v PrI [S(I) ⊢ ...

We investigate the uid dynamics in two-dimensional micromodels that represent natural complex porous media using micro-Particle Image Velocimetry (micro-PIV). The pore-scale velocity distributions are measured for single-phase ow and are in very good agreement with direct numerical simulations. Our validated and optimized Micro-PIV system is then used to investigate immiscible two-phase ow prop...

Here we describe the use of a nested high magnification camera configuration within a large field of view (FOV) PIV experiment. The objective of these measurements is to obtain instantaneous velocity flow fields to resolve the wide range of scales present in turbulent boundary layers at high Reynolds numbers of up to Reτ ≈ 20000. Flow statistics are compared against previous measurements made u...

This paper examines various techniques that have been developed to measure flow fields in microfluidic devices with 10 – 10 micron-scale spatial resolution. These techniques include Scalar Image Velocimetry (SIV), Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV), and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are presented. PIV results are presented for a liquid flow thro...

INTRODUCTION Infiltrations are the most commonly identified complication of peripheral intravenous (PIV) therapy with an incidence ranging from 23%-78%. Injury can range from slight redness to functional impairment and residual cosmetic defects. Often, the extent of injury may depend on how quickly a potential infiltration is assessed and treated. The perioperative setting may create unique cha...

Tomographic particle image velocimetry is a 3D PIV technique based on the illumination, recording, reconstruction and analysis of tracer-particle motion within a three-dimensional measurement volume. The recently developed technique makes use of several simultaneous views of the illuminated particles, typically 4, and their three-dimensional reconstruction as a light-intensity distribution by m...

Abstract The reaction of cobalt pivalate [Co(Piv) 2 ] n and in situ generated N‑heterocyclic carbene IPrPh (1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-2-phenylimidazol-4-ylidene) affords heteroligand complexes [Co (Piv) 4 -(IPrPh) ( I ), 2.8 (O t Bu) 1.2 (IPrPh) II 3 (μ -O)(Piv) III ). structures ·C 6 H 14 are determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (CIF files CCDC nos. 2216724 2216725, respectively). Exchan...