The rapidly activating delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr) plays a critical role in cardiac repolarization. Although IKr is known to be regulated by both α1- and β1-adrenergic receptors (ARs), the cross-talk and feedback mechanisms that dictate its response to α1- and β1-AR activation are not known. In the present study, IKr was recorded using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. IKr amp...

Previous studies have shown that membrane tubule-mediated export from endosomal compartments requires a cytoplasmic phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) activity. Here we report that the cytoplasmic PLA(2) enzyme complex platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAFAH) Ib, which consists of α1, α2, and LIS1 subunits, regulates the distribution and function of endosomes. The catalytic subunits α1 and α...

AIMS Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NKA) is essential in regulating [Na(+)](i), and thus cardiac myocyte Ca(2+) and contractility via Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange. Different NKA-α subunit isoforms are present in the heart and may differ functionally, depending on specific membrane localization. In smooth muscle and astrocytes, NKA-α2 is located at the junctions with the endo(sarco)plasmic reticulum, where they co...

21 Spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) are widely used as a model of attention deficit 22 hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as their ADHD-like behaviors are restored by 23 methylphenidate (MPH). However, a postnatal neural development in SHR is unknown. 24 We performed whole cell patch clamp recordings from locus coeruleus (LC) neurons in 25 neonatal (P 3–5), juvenile (P 21–28) and adult (P 49–56) ...

BACKGROUND AMP protein kinase (AMPK) plays an important role in food intake and energy metabolism, which are synchronized to the light-dark cycle. In vitro, AMPK affects the circadian rhythm by regulating at least two clock components, CKIα and CRY1, via direct phosphorylation. However, it is not known whether the catalytic activity of AMPK actually regulates circadian rhythm in vivo. METHODO...

Objective To analyze the values of combined detection of urinary micro albumin (mAlb), α1-microglobulin (α1-MG) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods Ninety-four patients with early DN who were admitted to the hospital between April 2015 and April 2016 were selected and set as a DN group. Moreover, seventy-six patients with diabete...

Protein kinases are implicated in neuronal cell functions such as modulation of ion channel function, trafficking, and synaptic excitability. Both protein kinase C (PKC) and A (PKA) are involved in regulation of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors through phosphorylation. However, the role of PKA in regulating GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)-R) following acute ethanol exposure is not know...

Dystroglycan is a laminin receptor, which with dystrophins and other components forms the dystrophin-dystroglycan complex. It has an important role in the formation of gliovascular connections, cerebral vascularisation and blood-brain barrier. Dystroglycan consists of two sub-units, α and β. Previous studies demonstrated that the β-dystroglycan immunoreactivity of cerebral vessels temporarily d...

In this paper, we introduce a class Tk(λ, α1, p, q, s, ρ). We investigate a number of inclusion relationships, radius problem and some other interesting properties of p-valent functions which are defined here by means of a certain linear integral operator Hp,q,s(α1). 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 30C45, 30C50.

We give a reformulation of a six-parameter family of coupled Painlevé VI systems with affine Weyl group symmetry of type D (1) 6 . We also study some Hamiltonian structures of this system. 0. Introduction In the present paper, we propose a 6-parameter family of four-dimensional coupled Painlevé VI systems with affine Weyl group symmetry of type D (1) 6 . Our differential system is equivalent to...