In organic farming, microwave irradiation can be used as an alternative to standard chemical seed treatment. The increase in temperature during this treatment may negatively affect the germination of low-quality seeds. aim study was evaluate effect microwaves on and health zinnia seeds using four samples varying initial quality. Seeds were placed a beaker with distilled water irradiated at powe...

Caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase (CAOMT) and caffeoyl-coenzyme A 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) are involved in different methylation pathways in lignin biosynthesis. We previously showed that only the CCoAOMT was markedly induced during lignification in in vitro differentiating tracheary elements (TEs) of Zinnia elegans. To further examine the expression patterns of CAOMT in lignification, ...

Xylogenic cultures of zinnia (Zinnia elegans) provide a unique opportunity to study signaling pathways of tracheary element (TE) differentiation. In vitro TEs differentiate into either protoxylem (PX)-like TEs characterized by annular/helical secondary wall thickening or metaxylem (MX)-like TEs with reticulate/scalariform/pitted thickening. The factors that determine these different cell fates ...

In maturation process of tracheary element (TE) differentiation, many hydrolases are activated to execute programmed cell death of TEs. Such hydrolases are released from maturing TEs into extracellular space. The release of hydrolases should be harmful to surrounding cells. The TED4 protein, a tentative plant non-specific lipid transfer protein that is expressed preferentially in TE-induced cul...

Plants have a unique transdifferentiation mechanism by which differentiated cells can initiate a new program of differentiation. We used a comprehensive analysis of gene expression in an in vitro zinnia (Zinnia elegans L.) culture model system to gather fundamental information about the gene regulation underlying the transdifferentiation of plant cells. In this model, photosynthetic mesophyll c...

A new vagrant species of phyllocoptine mites, Leipothrix nagyi n. sp . collected from Zinnia elegans (Asteraceae) is described and illustrated Hungary. Further three eriophyoid were recorded for the first time in Hungary, viz. Aceria hippophaena (Nalepa, 1898) found on Hippophaë rhamnoides, Epitrimerus cupressi (Keifer, 1939) Cupressus sempervirens tanaceti Boczek et Davis, 1984 associated with...

Caffeoyl coenzyme A 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) was previously shown to be associated with lignification in both in vitro tracheary elements (TEs) and organs of zinnia (Zinnia elegans). However, it i s not known whether this i s a general pattern in dicot plants. To address this question, polyclonal antibodies against zinnia recombinant CCoAOMT fusion protein were raised and used for immuno...

The chemical and structural organization of the plant cell wall was examined in Zinnia elegans tracheary elements (TEs), which specialize by developing prominent secondary wall thickenings underlying the primary wall during xylogenesis in vitro. Three imaging platforms were used in conjunction with chemical extraction of wall components to investigate the composition and structure of single Zin...

Priming is one of the most common methods of improving seed quality. The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of hydroand osmopriming on the germination, vigour and hydrolytic enzymes (α-amylase, β-glucosidase, exopeptidase and lipases) activity of zinnia (Zinnia elegans Jacq.) seeds. Seeds of three cultivars: Jowita, Kirke and Orys, and Z. elegans fl.pl., a mixture of cultivars (Mix...

Growth media have important effects on the development of ornamental plants. Many organic and inorganic materials are used in as growing (GM) The present study was carried out Atatürk University controlled greenhouses condition. In study, 11 different created with sand, soil, peat, perlite, coconut peat their mixtures were media. Mixing medium a volumetric basis (V:V), respectively: Mix 1: peat...