Let G be a finite group. We classify G-equivariant flow equivalence of nontrivial irreducible shifts of finite type in terms of (i) elementary equivalence of matrices over ZG and (ii) the conjugacy class in ZG of the group of G-weights of cycles based at a fixed vertex. In the case G = Z/2, we have the classification for twistwise flow equivalence. We include some algebraic results and examples...

We previously showed that adrenal renin is highest in the rat zona glomerulosa (ZG) and that low sodium or high potassium and nephrectomy increase adrenal ZG renin and aldosterone. Dahl salt-sensitive rats (S) have been shown to have lower plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone and higher plasma 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone than Dahl salt-resistant rats (R). In this study we assess t...

In this paper, we investigate the fixed-point set of an element of a CAT(0) group in its boundary. Suppose that a group G acts geometrically on a CAT(0) space X . Let g ∈ G and let Fg be the fixed-point set of g in the boundary ∂X . Then we show that Fg = L(Zg), where Zg is the centralizer of g (i.e. Zg = {v ∈ G| gv = vg}) and L(Zg) is the limit set of Zg in ∂X . Thus we obtain that Fg 6= ∅ if ...

Acute nitric oxide (NO) inhibits angiotensin II (ANG II)-stimulated aldosterone synthesis in zona glomerulosa (ZG) cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of chronic administration of NO on the ANG II receptor type 1 (AT1) expression and aldosterone synthesis. ZG cells were treated daily with DETA NONOate (10(-4) M), an NO donor, for 0, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Chinese hamster ovary ...

We study the complexity of approximating the value of the independent set polynomial ZG(λ) of a graph G with maximum degree ∆ when the activity λ is a complex number. When λ is real, the complexity picture is well-understood, and is captured by two real-valued thresholds λ∗ and λc, which depend on ∆ and satisfy 0 < λ ∗ < λc. It is known that if λ is a real number in the interval (−λ∗, λc) then ...

Using the Luthar–Passi method, we investigate the possible orders and partial augmentations of torsion units of the normalized unit group of integral group rings of Conway simple groups Co1, Co2 and Co3. Let U(ZG) be the unit group of the integral group ring ZG of a finite group G, and V (ZG) be its normalized unit group

ATP is released from pancreatic acini in response to cholinergic and hormonal stimulation. The same stimuli cause exocytosis of ZG (zymogen granules) and release of digestive enzymes. The aim of the present study was to determine whether ZG stored ATP and to characterize the uptake mechanism for ATP transport into the ZG. ZG were isolated and the ATP content was measured using luciferin/lucifer...

Adrenal zona glomerulosa (ZG) cells do not contain nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS). We conferred endothelial NOS activity onto adrenal ZG cells through transduction with a recombinant adenovirus encoding the endothelial NOS gene (AdeNOS) to determine the effect of endogenous NO on aldosterone synthesis. A 135-kDa protein band immunoreactive to anti-endothelial NOS antibody was observed in West...

Lineage conversion of differentiated cells in response to hormonal feedback has yet to be described. To investigate this, we studied the adrenal cortex, which is composed of functionally distinct concentric layers that develop postnatally, the outer zona glomerulosa (zG) and the inner zona fasciculata (zF). These layers have separate functions, are continuously renewed in response to physiologi...

In rodents and humans, alcohol exposure has been shown to predispose the pancreas to cholinergic or viral induction of pancreatitis. We previously developed a rodent model in which exposure to an ethanol (EtOH) diet, followed by carbachol (Cch) stimulation, redirects exocytosis from the apical to the basolateral plasma membrane of acinar cells, resulting in ectopic zymogen enzyme activation and...