Abstract In the zero-water exchange shrimp culture pond maintained with application of indigenous bioaugmentor, low levels total ammonia–nitrogen were reported, indicating relevance microbial communities. Sediments (0–5 cm layer) sampled from (85th day) and bacterial archaeal communities; specifically, ammonia oxidizers (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, ammonia-oxidizing archaea, anaerobic bacteria)...

probability of private information based trade (pin) has introduced as information risk measure. this paper is going to estimate probability of private information based trade (pin) in tehran stock exchange using microstructure models. our results show that pin is significantly different from zero for tehran stock exchange.

abstract three pear genotypes (nazkeh, lasoreh and qevilah), grown in 2l containers, were studied under four irrigation regimes in order to evaluate the leaf relative water content (rwc), photosynthesis, leaf gas exchanges and plant dry weight induced by water stress. control treatment everyday was irrigation. irrigation was practiced when soil water potential reached at -0.4, -0.8, and -1.2 mp...

evaporation from the soil surface has an important role in the water balance model in nature, so that the major part of rain fall and irrigation water in arid and semi-arid regions is lost via evaporation from the soil surface. in such areas, there are some regions with high water table and because of evaporation from the soil surface, salts accumulation also occur in the soil surface. so evapo...