BACKGROUND Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), a public health problem, is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus and a member of the Hepacivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family. Liver cancer, cirrhosis, and end-stage liver are the outcomes of chronic infection with HCV. HCV isolates show significant heterogeneity in genetics around the world. Therefore, determining HCV genotypes is a vital step in dete...

Summary The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of hip fracture in Zanjan, Iran and to describe its seasonal variation. A total of 244 cases of hip fractures (131 men, 113 women) were recorded during 1 year. The annual age-standardized incidence rates were 206.5 and 214.8 per 100,000 men and women, respectively. Most fractures occurred in winter, in-house and daytime. In-hospital mo...

Today recognition of organizational culture is very important for managers because the culture or atmosphere on the organization is explanatory of the way of organization living. In the atmosphere on the organization that people work in it that they can achieve is the goals of the organization. That’s why managing scientists state that the most basic duty of managing is forming and directing th...

introduction: heavy metals are types of elements naturally present in soil or enter into soil as a result of human activities. the most important route of exposure to heavy metals is daily intake of food. crops grown in contaminated soil (due to mining activities, industrial operations and agriculture) may contain high concentrations of heavy metals. also closeness to cities and industrial cent...

this study analyzes wind energy potentials of zanjan province which located in northwest of iran. renewable energy plans are not fully environmentally safe and different renewable energy plans have different environmental impacts. therefore, site selection is an important issue in the wind turbine installation and therefore, selecting an appropriate wind turbine site requires consideration of m...

Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) Poly(caprolactone) (mPEG–PCL) copolymers are important synthetic biomedical materials with amphiphilicity, controlled biodegradability, and great biocompatibility. They have great potential application in the fields of nanotechnology, tissue engineering, pharmaceutics, and medicinal chemistry. mPEG–PCL copolymers are biodegradable, biocompatible, and semi-crystallin...

OBJECTIVES Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most common causes of reproductive tract infection (RTI), it's prevalence is influenced by many factors. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and impact of sexual and genital hygienie practices and socio-demographic characteristics in non pregnant women of Zanjan province in Iran. METHODS 500 non-pregnant, mar...