We present experimental results on fragmentation charge-changing cross sections of 158 A GeV lead ions (charge Z = 82e) incident on Cu and CR39 targets. To detect and identify the relativistic ions, the nuclear track detector CR39 was used. When an ion crosses a nuclear track detector foil, it produces damages at the level of molecular bonds, forming the so called “latent track”. During the che...

We carried out an extensive Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer campaign, in 1997 June, to study Circinus X-1 during the active portion of its 16.55-d intensity cycle. The observations spanned 10 days, including 56% coverage for 7 d, and allowed us to find time segments which clearly demonstrate continuous evolution along the horizontal, normal, and flaring branches (HB/NB/FB) of a Z-source low-mass X-...

car body acceleration is an important factor affecting track safety and ride comfort, which are two primary aspects of railway systems. though track level is an important source of wagon body acceleration, no quantitative relation between them is available and the aim of this paper is to propose a method to address this issue. to do so, car body acceleration is determined using a 10 dof simulat...

Sco X-2 (GX 349+2) is a low-mass X-ray binary and Z source. We have analysed ∼156 ks of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer data, obtained in 1998 January, on this source. We investigated the fast-time variability as a function of position on the Z track. During these observations, Sco X-2 traced out the most extensive Z track ever reported from this object, making this the most comprehensive study thu...

We present the results of a systematic investigation of spectral evolution in the Z source GX 349+2, using data obtained during 1998 with Proportional Counter Array (PCA) on-board the RXTE satellite. The source traced a extended normal branch (NB) and flaring branch (FB) in the color-color diagram (CD) and hardness-intensity diagram (HID) during these observations. The spectra at different posi...

BACKGROUND This study introduces a novel self-report instrument to measure children's time-use in physical and sedentary activities and examines the relationships between children's time-use and physical fitness and risks of obesity and diabetes. METHODS The new instrument utilizes a series of timelines, each representing an activity type. 188 children (53% girls) aged 10 to 14 year-old parti...

Difficulties observed in the application of track theory to CNO particles are attributed to problems in the application of a light scattering correction in microphotometry. 257 Figure 1. Track width W/4 μm vs residual range, of cosmic ray ions in G.5 emulsion. Light scattering parameters are fitted to the track of a 24Mg ion. When the width is calculated for lighter ions (curves) they depart in...

Wehave analysed all availableX-ray data on the lowmass X-ray binary Cygnus X-2 obtained with the Ginga satellite. A detailed analysis of the spectral and fast timing behaviour of these 4 years of data provides new insights in the behaviour of this Z source. We confirm the previously observed recurrent patterns of behaviour in the X-ray colour-colour and hardnessintensity diagrams consisting of ...

the main design criteria of ballasted railway tracks include rail deflections, rail bending stresses, rail wheel contact stresses, sleeper bending moments and ballast sleeper contact pressures. numerous criteria have been defined for the design of ballasted railway tracks owing to the various mechanical properties of track components and their complex interaction. therefore, railway track desig...