Maternal yolk androgens in avian eggs have been shown to affect numerous offspring traits. These changes in offspring phenotype represent examples of maternal effects and are thought to adjust offspring development to the posthatching environment. When studying the functional consequences of yolk hormones it is, therefore, crucial to manipulate the yolk androgen concentrations as well as the en...

of yours truly; but now the CV of a successful applicant looks like that of a newly minted full Professor from olden times. Notwithstanding these demands, and the associated high quality of a fledgling facultylevel type, the job starts with some ‘setup’ money for equipping the lab; but next to no means are provided to initiate that ‘research program’ and to sustain it during the years to come. ...

The TA-XT21 texture analyzer (TA) was used to evaluate vitelline membrane strength (VMS). Fresh and aged (1 wk at 25 C) eggs (n = 48 eggs x 2 replications) were evaluated. Fresh and aged eggs were further divided into two groups of yolk only or whole egg (with intact albumen). Yolk index, Haugh units, pH, broken-out egg weights, VMS, yolk viscosity, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images...

to determine the effect of hen age and storage condition on egg quality, fresh eggs were sampled from two commercial flocks of white leghorn hens at 28 and 68 weeks of age. half of sampled eggs from each flock were stored at 6°c and the other half was stored at room temperature. fifteen eggs were randomly sampled from each treatment following collection and at 5-day intervals to 30 days of stor...

Yolk provides an important source of nutrients during the early development of oviparous organisms. It is composed mainly of vitellogenin proteins packed into membrane-bound compartments called yolk platelets. Catabolism of yolk is initiated by acidification of the yolk platelet, leading to the activation of Cathepsin-like proteinases, but it is unknown how this process is triggered. Yolk catab...

A description of the fine structure of the yolk of the unincubated hen's egg has been provided, which will serve as a basis for further studies on yolk digestion. The gross components of the yolk (that is, free-floating lipid drops, yellow and white yolk spheres together with their enclosed lipid subdroplets, and aqueous protein fluid) could be recognized by phase contrast and low power electro...

In S. bullata, the ovaries contribute to the synthesis of yolk polypeptides. A specific antiserum for yolk polypeptides was used to visualize the presence of yolk polypeptides in the follicle cells during their differentiation. After vitellogenesis has started, all follicle cells contain yolk polypeptides. The squamous follicle cells covering the nurse cells and the border cells lose yolk polyp...

Little is known about how metabolism changes during development. For most animal embryos, yolk protein is a principal source of nutrition, particularly of essential amino acids. Within eggs, yolk is stored inside large organelles called yolk platelets (YPs). We have gained insight into embryonic nutrition in the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis by studying YPs. Amphibians follow the ancestral...

ii Egg yolk contamination of egg whites continues to be a serious problem in the egg industry. The ability of egg whites to form stable and voluminous foams is greatly inhibited by accidental yolk contamination, even at extremely small levels. Experiments were conducted to determine if lipase can regenerate the functional properties of yolkcontaminated egg whites. Treatments included control, 0...