Endonuclease genes encoded in invasive introns are themselves supposed to be mobile elements which, during evolution, have colonized pre-existing introns converting them into invasive elements. This hypothesis is supported by numerous data concerning the LAGLI-DADG subclass of intronic endonucleases. Less is known about the GIY-YIG ORFs which constitute another family of endonucleases. In this ...

The magnetic behavior and domain structure of Fe films grown on yttrium–iron–garnet ~YIG! underlayers were studied to elucidate their interlayer coupling, as a function of the Fe layer thickness, using magnetic force microscopy ~MFM! and magneto-optic Kerr effect ~MOKE!. The YIG layer, grown by liquid phase epitaxy on single crystal gadolinium–gallium–garnet ~GGG! substrates, showed a character...

Phase noise is the curse of many a communications system, and one of the key performance parameters that most oscillators strive to minimize. System designers have long recognized the yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) oscillator for its broadband, lownoise, high-frequency capabilities. But YIG sources are also power hungry and physically large. The mechanical design, with a YIG sphere mounted in the ai...

We report two novel strategies to integrate magneto-optical oxides on oxidized silicon and SOI platforms based on strip-loaded waveguide structures. By using conventional waveguide fabrication and thin film deposition techniques, strip-loaded waveguides for magneto-optical non-reciprocal phase shift (NRPS) applications can be integrated on a silicon platform. As a demonstration, two structures,...

Based on unique experimental setups, the temperature dependences of the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE) and spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) of the Pt/yttrium iron garnet (Pt/YIG) hybrid structure are determined in a wide temperature range up to the Curie temperature of YIG. From a theoretical analysis of the experimental relationship between the SMR and temperature, the spin mixing co...

It has been observed that from the eleventh century onwards one main concern of Tibetan authors to was determine the authenticity of the Buddhist texts received from India and thereby establish different lineages of transmission, by which means they were able to trace back any specifi c teaching either to the historical Buddha or to such representatives of Buddhahood as Vajradhāra or Samantabha...

The GIY-YIG nuclease domain is present in all kingdoms of life and has diverse functions. It is found in the eukaryotic flap endonuclease and Holliday junction resolvase Slx1-Slx4, the prokaryotic nucleotide excision repair proteins UvrC and Cho, and in proteins of 'selfish' genetic elements. Here we present the structures of the ternary pre- and post-cleavage complexes of the type II GIY-YIG r...

An interface electron state at the junction between a three-dimensional topological insulator film, Bi2Se3, and a ferrimagnetic insulator film, Y3Fe5O12 (YIG), was investigated by measurements of angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray absorption magnetic circular dichroism. The surface state of the Bi2Se3 film was directly observed and localized 3d spin states of the Fe3+ in the YI...

Control of spin waves in a ferrite thin film via interfacial spin scattering was demonstrated. The experiments used a 4.6  μm-thick yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film strip with a 20-nm thick Pt capping layer. A dc current pulse was applied to the Pt layer and produced a spin current across the Pt thickness. As the spin current scatters off the YIG surface, it can either amplify or attenuate spin-w...

The thermal conductivity of a nanoscale yttrium iron garnet (Y₃Fe₅O12, YIG) thin-film prepared by a sol-gel method was evaluated using the ultrafast pump-probe technique in the present study. The thermoreflectance change on the surface of a 250 nm thick YIG film, induced by the irradiation of femtosecond laser pulses, was measured, and curve fitting of a numerical solution for the transient hea...