We simulate the effect of climate change on water requirements of cold seasonwheat in various climatic zones of Iran. The research considers both observedclimate (temperature and precipitation) changes during recent decades (1960-2009)based on instrumental records and projected future changes to 2100 based on theMAGICC/SCENGEN 5.3 compound model. 20 General Circulation models are usedbased on a...

Stratospheric water vapor concentrations and age of air are investigated in an ensemble of coupled chemistry-climate model simulations covering the period from 1960 to 2005. Observed greenhouse gas concentrations, halogen concentrations, aerosol amounts, and sea surface temperatures are all specified in the model as time-varying fields. The results are compared with two experiments (time-slice ...

OBJECTIVES To review statistics on smoking prevalence and to analyze whether the implementation of national tobacco control legislation had an association with the prevalence of smoking, and thereby, with the occurrence of smoking-related lung diseases. DESIGN Smoking prevalence rates (from 1960 to 2000), lung cancer incidence rates (from 1980 to 2000), and respiratory disease mortality rates...

We study possible interrelations between the 300 year record of the yearly sunspot numbers and the solar inertial motion (SIM) using the recently developed technique of synchronization analysis. Phase synchronization of the sunspot cycle and the SIM is found and statistically confirmed in three epochs (1734–1790, 1855–1875 and 1907–1960) of the whole period 1700–2000. These results give quantit...

The switchover from foetal to adult haemoglobin synthesis, which is normally complete by the end of the first year of life, is accompanied by marked changes in the red cell enzyme pattern. In particular, the level of carbonic anhydrase, which is very low in cord blood, rapidly increases during the first year of life to become the most abundant of the red cell nonhaemoglobin proteins. There have...

Genetic trend for milk yield in the artificially sired Holstein population in the northeastern United States was estimated from solutions for simultaneous genetic evaluations of bulls and cows for an animal model using mixed model equations and including all known relationships among the population by years of birth of 1960 to 1980 (1978 for bulls). First lactation milk records of 1,074,971 art...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The strength of the association between blood pressure and stroke incidence is dependent on the number of blood pressure measurements. Different summary variables of repeated blood pressure measurements taken during 10 years were evaluated in relation to the long-term risk of stroke in the Zutphen Study. METHODS During the period 1960-1970 repeated blood pressure measur...

Tree-ring cellulose oxygen isotopic composition (δ18O) is controlled by several hydrological factors such as precipitation, relative humidity, and temperature. A proxy system model can reveal how these affect tree-ring δ18O. In this study, to identify a key control on δ18O variations, we performed calculation of year-to year variation Javanese teak in Indonesia from 1960 1998. Our results reaso...