Background: Estrogen is recognized as one of the significant regulator of spermatogenesis. Estrogens are synthesized in the male reproductive system (sertoli and leydig cells). Estrogen function is mediated by estrogen receptors (ER-α or ER-β). Some studies have suggested an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2234693 (ESR1 pvuII C>T), rs1801132 (ESR1 325 C->G) of ERα g...

Y chromosome haplotyping based on microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has proved to be a powerful tool for population genetic studies of humans. However, the promise of the approach is hampered in the majority of nonhuman mammals by the lack of Y-specific polymorphic markers. We were able to identify new male-specific polymorphisms in the domestic cat Felis catus and 6 ad...

The existence of multiple inherited disorders of iron metabolism suggests genetic contributions to iron deficiency. We previously performed a genome-wide association study of iron-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using DNA from white men aged ≥ 25 y and women ≥ 50 y in the Hemochromatosis and Iron Overload Screening (HEIRS) Study with serum ferritin (SF) ≤ 12 µg/L (cases) and cont...

AIM To find an association between Y chromosome polymorphisms and some ethnic groups. METHODS Short tandem repeats (STR) and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on the Y chromosome were typed in 311 unrelated men from four different ethnic groups - Italians from northern Italy, Albanians, Africans from the Maghreb region, and Indo-Pakistanis, using the AmpFlSTR® Yfiler PCR Amplification Kit...

Recent successful discoveries of potentially causal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for complex diseases hold great promise, and commercialization of genomics in personalized medicine has already begun. The hope is that genetic testing will benefit patients and their families, and encourage positive lifestyle changes and guide clinical decisions. However, for many complex diseases, it is...

We have developed a SNP microarray for paternity testing, which contains 10 SNPs and in addition X and Y chromosome-specific markers. SNPs were selected with an emphasis on their high allele frequency in the Finnish population. Coding regions of known genes were excluded. With this setup of SNPs, we have calculated the average exclusion power in paternity testing to be 86.5%. The array was vali...

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified common genetic risk variants for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Testing SNPs individually for an association in GWAS necessitates the imposition of a very stringent P value to address multiple testing. While this reduces false positives, it may result in true associations being missed. Thus, any overall estimate of the total her...

The industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a traditional ethanologenic agent and a promising biocatalyst for advanced biofuels production using lignocellulose materials. Here we present the genomic background of type strain NRRL Y-12632 and its transcriptomic response to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF), a commonly encountered toxic compound liberated from lignocellulosic-biomass pretr...

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been recently identified as a multifunctional cytokine, because of its close link with immunoregulation and anti-inflammatory responses. This study investigated the association of IL-10 genetic polymorphisms with the immune traits of New Zealand white rabbits (N-W), Fujian yellow rabbits (F-Y) and their reciprocal crosses (N-Y and Y-N, respectively). SNPs on five exon...