There are five possible processes of intestinal absorption of xenobiotics. These are active transport, passive diffusions, pinocytosis, filtration through "pores," and lymphatic absorption. The passive diffusion is major process for transport of foreign chemicals across the intestine. Though the lymphatic absorption of drugs is not of any major therapeutic significance, the uptake of toxic chem...

It is widely recognized that xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes play a fundamental role in the basic processes of carcinogenesis and toxicity on one hand, and chemoprevention and drug efficacy on the other. Realization that different factors can profoundly affect the expression of these enzymes at the genome level has resulted in an enhanced appreciation of the importance these genes play in our m...

Pathophysiological changes in human patients and in animal models of infection or inflammation are associated with alterations in the production of numerous liver-derived proteins including metabolizing enzymes. In this study, the effects of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) in rats on the levels of mRNA and activity of hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes were determined during the inflammato...

It has long been recognized since the early studies in Japan by Yamagiwa and Ichikawa with coal tar-induced carcinogenesis that exposure to environmental and dietary chemicals are likely to be responsible for the vast majority of human cancers. A large number of enzymes participate in both activation and inactivation pathways of carcinogen metabolism. These enzymes mainly function in xenobiotic...

Breast cancer is a major cause of death in women worldwide. Mammary tissue expressing xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes metabolically activate or detoxify potential genotoxic breast carcinogens. Deregulation of these xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes is considered to be a major contributory factor to breast cancer. The present study is focused on the expression of the xenobiotic metabolizing gene, ...

The influence of oxidized frying oil (OFO) on the guinea pig hepatic microsomal xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme system in the presence of different amounts dietary vitamin C was investigated. Weanling male guinea pigs were divided into four groups and were fed 15% oxidized frying oil diets supplemented with vitamin C at 300, 600, or 1,500 mg/kg (experimental diets) or a control diet that contain...