Word boundary detection in variable noise-level environments by support vector machine (SVM) using Low-band Wavelet Energy (LWE) and Zero Crossing Rate (ZCR) features is proposed in this paper. The Wavelet Energy is derived based on Wavelet transformation; it can reduce the affection of noise in a speech signal. With the inclusion of ZCR, we can robustly and effectively detect word boundary fro...

We design an efficient commitment scheme, and companion zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge, based on the learning with errors over rings (RLWE) problem. In particular, for rings in which almost all elements have inverses, we construct a perfectly binding commitment scheme whose hiding property relies on the RLWE assumption. Our scheme maps elements from the ring (or equivalently, n elements fro...

zero tillage practices have a direct effect on soil microbial communities modifying soil productivity and sustainability. the crop sequences used can change the aforementioned properties, too. in this study, we evaluated the effect of crop sequences under zero tillage management on soil biological and chemical properties including vertical distribution of soil organic carbon, soil basal respira...

Applications in which data take nonnegative values but have a substantial proportion of values at zero occur in many disciplines. The modeling of such “clumped-at-zero” or “zero-inflated” data is challenging. We survey models that have been proposed. We consider cases in which the response for the non-zero observations is continuous and in which it is discrete. For the continuous and then the d...

In this paper an approach in data envelopment analysis dealing with evaluation of non – zero slacks was propounded. This approach intends that weight of inefficient and weak efficient points that have been evaluated as zero weight, be considered as positive weight, and also in this approach, the pareto efficiency evaluates the picture of this point. In this approach positive weights in the i...

It is commonly believed that Alcubierre’s warp drive works by contracting space in front of the warp bubble and expanding space behind it. We show that this contraction/expansion is but a marginal consequence of the choice made by Alcubierre, and explicitly construct a similar spacetime where no contraction/expansion occurs. Global and optical properties of warp drive spacetimes are also discus...