The Holy Land has absorbed millions of immigrants in recent centuries: Jews from East and West, Druze, Circassians, Muslim and Christian Arabs. The land is unique and diverse in geographical location and ethnic groups, and also in its cultural characteristics, including traditional medicine and use of materia medica. However, these traditions have waned over the years. The young state of Israel...

A sample of 526 Y chromosomes representing six Middle Eastern populations (Ashkenazi, Sephardic, and Kurdish Jews from Israel; Muslim Kurds; Muslim Arabs from Israel and the Palestinian Authority Area; and Bedouin from the Negev) was analyzed for 13 binary polymorphisms and six microsatellite loci. The investigation of the genetic relationship among three Jewish communities revealed that Kurdis...

Iraq is abundant with natural resources and its geographical location makes it strategically important. It is composed of a mountainous region in the northeast and the vast Syrian Desert, inhabited by a few nomadic shepherds. In the southwest lies the heart of the country which is a fertile lowland region watered by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Most of the population is Muslim Arabs, divide...

Two studies examined the inductive potential of various social categories among 144 kindergarten, 2nd-, and 6th-grade Israeli children from 3 sectors: secular Jews, religious Jews, and Muslim Arabs. Study 1-wherein social categories were labeled-found that ethnic categories were the most inductively powerful, especially for religious Jewish children. Study 2-wherein no social category labels we...

the first years of russian marching to transoxiana were not the climax of their authority. some of the reformist advocates tended to proceed inside the country after the defeating crimea (1854). the idea even permeated among the greater community. these groups wanted to establish liberal institutions and constitutional government as those of european countries. alexander the second, the new tsa...

Adults from four religious/ethnic groupings: Arab Muslim, Arab Christian, Non-Arab Muslim, and North American Christian were administered measures of anti-Semitism and anti-Israeli sentiment to determine if the concepts were related. Correlation strength was r=.61, and anti-Semitism remained even when the effects of anti-Israeli sentiment were parceled out. The reasons for such differences are ...

Many periodicals and books today systematically present a highly biased and misleading picture of IslamD Amongst other things, it is often alleged that Islam is intolerant towards people of other faithsD The truth is that, amongst the religions of the world, Islam is unique as regards the high degree of tolerance which, throughout history, it has shown towards non-Muslim religions, in particula...

old province sogdiana, comprising two major city states- samarkand and bukhara which had  ancient civilization and brilliant cultural heritage, was the most important province  of transoxian. achaemenids, seleucids, kushaniyan, hayateleh, turks and sasanians rule in this region at a time. at the interval between fall of the sassanid (652 a.d) and conquest of transoxiana by muslim (second half o...