The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring a...

STOCK DEFINITION AND GEOGRAPHIC RANGE The gray whale formerly occurred in the North Atlantic Ocean (Fraser 1970), but is currently only found in the North Pacific (Rice et al. 1984). The following information was considered in classifying stock structure of gray whales based on the Dizon et al. (1992) phylogeographic approach: 1) Distributional data: isolated geographic distribution in the Nort...

In Part I of this study it was shown that air–sea coupling had a positive impact on some aspects of the simulation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) by a GCM. However, errors in the basic-state climate of that GCM appeared to be preventing the MJO-related convection from propagating into the west Pacific. In this paper, the actual impact of these errors will be addressed. An integration of...

The climate of West Antarctica is strongly influenced by remote forcing from the tropical Pacific. For example, recent surface warming over West Antarctica reflects atmospheric circulation changes over the Amundsen Sea, driven by an atmospheric Rossby wave response to tropical sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. Here, it is demonstrated that tropical Pacific SST anomalies also influence th...

1. Atmospheric Sciences and Global Climate Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA. 2. W. R & Wiley Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA. 3. Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. 4. SPI Supplies/Structure Probe, Inc., West Chester,...

The coral reef sea star Linckia laevigata is common on shallow water coral reefs of the Indo-West Pacific. Its large geographic distribution and comprehensive data from previous studies makes it suitable to examine genetic differentiation and connectivity over large geographical scales. Based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene this study investigates the g...

Abstract. Tropospheric vertical structure was analyzed using in situ measurements of 03, CO, CH4, and H20 taken on board the NASA DC-8 aircraft during three Pacific Exploratory Missions (PEMs): PEM-West A, September-October 1991 in the western Pacific; PEM-West B, FebruaryMarch 1994 in the western Pacific; and PEM-Tropics A, September-October 1996 in the central and eastern Pacific. PEM-Tropics...

Two El Niño flavors have been defined based on whether warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are located in the central or eastern tropical Pacific (CP or EP). This study further characterizes the impacts on atmospheric circulation in the high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere associated with these types of El Niño events though a series of numerical simulations using the National Cen...

in december 2015, the world health organization (who) published the first ever report on the estimates of the global burden of foodborne diseases, which included diseases related to chemical exposures in foods such as peanut allergy. in the report, the burden of disease related to peanut allergies was measured for the european, american and west pacific regions. the report showed that unlike ot...

Based on the satellite altimeter data, sea level off the west coast of the United States has increased over the past 5 years, while sea level in the western tropical Pacific has declined. Understanding whether this is a short-term shift or the beginning of a longer-term change in sea level has important implications for coastal planning efforts in the coming decades. Here, we identify and quant...