We fabricated a novel hyperspectral Raman imaging spectrometer that, for the first time, uses a photonic-crystal wavelength-selecting device to select a narrow-wavelength spectral interval. The photonic crystal consists of an array of highly charged, monodisperse polystyrene particles that self-assemble into a face-centered cubic crystal. The photonic crystal Bragg-diffracts a narrow spectral i...

A generation method for the rail random irregularity with arbitrary wavelength interval (WI) is developed, and its accuracy and efficiency are demonstrated. Then a moving wheel-rail-bridge interaction element is derived to establish the finite element equations of motion for the train-rail-bridge interaction system, and the flow chart of assembly and calculation for the system equations is give...

Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory (POL) deployed an X-band (9.8GHz, 3cm wavelength) marine radar during the European COAST3D field experiments in Teignmouth, UK. The study site is a complex three-dimensional tidal inlet. A sequence of 64 radar images was collected at time interval of 2.25s every hour. Although realistic-looking wave patterns are observed in the radar images, it is still unclear...

A fiber loop mirror (FLM) filter with two-stage polarization-maintaining fibers (PMFs) and polarization controllers (PCs) is presented. The transmission function of this FLM is calculated in detail by Jones matrix. The wavelength interval depends on both the PMFs and the PCs. The side frequencies can be restrained by choosing appropriate length of the PMFs. Furthermore, an erbium-doped fiber ri...

In this paper, two bio-inspired Quality of Service (QoS) multicast algorithms are proposed in IP over dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) optical Internet. Given a QoS multicast request and the delay interval required by the application, both algorithms are able to find a flexible QoS-based cost suboptimal routing tree. They first construct the multicast trees based on ant colony opti...

In this paper, two bio-inspired Quality of Service (QoS) multicast algorithms are proposed in IP over dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) optical Internet. Given a QoS multicast request and the delay interval required by the application, both algorithms are able to find a flexible QoS-based cost suboptimal routing tree. They first construct the multicast trees based on ant colony opti...

To meet the growing need for higher capacities, a new architecture for an all-optical Internet is proposed. Based on traffic statistics and number of available wavelengths in the WDM trunks at network nodes, wavelength allocation and assignment is performed. Distribution of wavelength allocation decisions is accomplished using signaling messages encapsulated in optical “labels” or “tags” associ...

AIMS Amiodarone and cisapride are both known to prolong the QT interval, yet the two drugs have different effects on arrhythmia. Cisapride can cause torsades de pointes while amiodarone is found to be anti-arrhythmic. A computational model was used to investigate the action of these two drugs. METHODS AND RESULTS In a biophysically detailed model, the ion current conductivities affected by bo...