A tachyon field having a negative squared-mass−mt can be described in terms of massless fields degenerating infinitely with respect to the helicity. The degeneracy leads symmetry breakings of space-time. This picture for the tachyon does not contradict causality. The tachyon vector-field is quenched from the interactions with matter fields, and the effects can be represented by a phase factor. ...

The aim of these lectures is to describe a construction, as selfcontained as possible, of renormalized gauge theories. Following a suggestion of Polchinski, we base our analysis on the Wilson renormalization group method. After a discussion of the infinite cut-off limit, we study the short distance properties of the Green functions verifying the validity of Wilson short distance expansion. We a...

After a brief introduction into some basic asymmetries observed in nature, such as the biomolecular homochirality in living species on earth, the dominance of matter over antimatter in the observable universe, and irreversibility in physical-chemical processes providing a preferred arrow of time, we provide a discussion of the concepts of fundamental symmetries in physics and of the three diffe...

Rank breaking is a methodology introduced by Azari Soufiani et al. (2013a) for applying a Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) algorithm to the estimation of parametric ranking models. Breaking takes full rankings and breaks, or splits them up, into counts for pairs of alternatives that occur in particular positions (e.g., first place and second place, second place and third place). GMMs are of ...