[1] Watershed-scale water quality models involve substantial uncertainty in model output because of sparse water quality observations and other sources of uncertainty. Assessing the uncertainty is very important for those who use the models to support management decision making. Systematic uncertainty analysis for these models has rarely been done and remains a major challenge. This study aimed...

the morphology of a river system is affected by dominant watershed processes includingclimatic, hydrologic, hydraulic, erosion and sedimentation, geological and topographicalcharacteristics of the river environment and watershed. understanding the interaction betweenthe river form and dominant watershed processes in river systems is necessary for recognitionof river behavior and of importance f...

A watershed model can be used to better understand the relationship between land use activities and hydrologic and water quality processes occurring within a watershed. Two different models, SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and HSPF (Hydrologic Simulation ProgramFortran), were selected in this study to simulate stream flow, sediment, and nutrients loading from the Polecat Creek watershed i...

The paper presents applications and models which are beneficial to watershed management in various areas. The intention is to inform about the current capabilities of soft computing, hydrologic analysis modules, and distributed hydrologic models, and to provide an initial guide on implementing soft computing. Watershed is not simply the hydrological unit but also socio-political-ecological enti...

Future shifts in climatic conditions may impact watershed mercury (Hg) dynamics and transport. An ensemble of watershed models was applied in the present study to simulate and evaluate the responses of hydrological and total Hg (THg) fluxes from the landscape to the watershed outlet and in-stream THg concentrations to contrasting climate change projections for a watershed in the southeastern co...

The reduction of nutrient over-enrichment (eutrophication) is the most important undertaking in the restoration of the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem. Efforts toward this end are guided and evaluated though extensive use of linked simulation models of the airshed, watershed and estuary. These models track the inputs of nutrients through the watershed and into the bay and predict the consequences to w...

Watershed nutrient management is essential in minimizing the eutrophication rate of reservoirs. A shortcoming in nutrient management of watershed-reservoir systems has been the lack of successful linking of watershed and water body models to evaluate impact of watershed management options on reservoir water quality. The objectives of this research were to 1) calibrate and validate a Soil and Wa...

Hydrological models are used to represent the rainfallrunoff and pollutant transport mechanisms within watersheds. Accurate representation of these dynamic and complex natural processes within a watershed is an important step in managing and protecting a watershed Artificial neural network (ANN) models are often used in hydrologic modeling. Typical ANN models are trained to use lumped data. How...

Recent studies show that multimodel combinations improve hydroclimatic predictions by reducing model uncertainty. Given that climate forecasts are available from multiple climate models, which could be ingested with multiple watershed models, what is the best strategy to reduce the uncertainty in streamflow forecasts? To address this question, we consider three possible strategies: (1) reduce t...

with regard to the importance of instantaneous peak discharge estimation for watershed management study, and due to the lack of and unqualified climatic and hydrologic data for estimation and measurement in countries such as iran, researchers were obliged to establish a link between constant parameters (geomorphologic) and variables (hydrologic) to present models with minimum dependence on clim...