In recent years, more attention has been paid to vehicles that can travel between air and water, known as trans-media vehicles. They are often designed cylindrical bodies in order reduce the impact load during water entry. this paper, water-entry processes of small-sized vehicles, with a characteristic length 1 m, were investigated numerically by solving unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes...

Pollen tube growth is central to the sexual reproduction of plants and is a longstanding model for cellular tip growth. For rapid tip growth, cell wall deposition and hardening must balance the rate of osmotic water uptake, and this involves the control of turgor pressure. Pressure contributes directly to both the driving force for water entry and tip expansion causing thinning of wall material...

background: this study was carried out to determination of heavy metals (cd, cr, cu, fe, pb, ni and zn) concentration in upstream and downstream of the entry of the wastewater (untreated urban, traditional slaughterhouse waste, leachate from solid wastes has accumulated in river and  run off waters flowing across the city ) to the tembi river. methods: samples were collected for 1 year, before ...

AIM Aortic dissection is a life-threatening aortic catastrophe where layers of the aortic wall are separated allowing blood flow within the layers. Propagation of aortic dissection is strongly linked to the rate of rise of pressure (dp/dt) experienced by the aortic wall but the hemodynamics is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to perform computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulat...