Sulfur mustard or mustard gas has been widely used as a chemical weapon in the first world war and Iraq-Iran war. It causes acute and chronic complications in lungs, eyes and skin. In skin, mustard is toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic via alkylation of cellular proteins in enzymes, cell membranes, cytoplasm and particularly cell nucleus as well as in DNA components of the epidermis, dermis and...

PURPOSE We compiled all cases of urethral injury received in battle during the Civil War to detail their management and determine the outcome of treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surgeon medical reports of individual cases of urethral injury listed in the Medical and Surgical History of the Civil War, and pension records available in the National Archives and Records Administration were review...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the impact of the method of Gunshot Injury (GSI) (i.e. war injuries, stray bullets, and civilian fighting) on patient morbidity and mortality. STUDY DESIGN An observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Biostatistics Department of Al-Jalaa Hospital in Benghazi, Libya, from January to December 2011. METHODOLOGY Patients' records were analyzed with the method of gu...

Introduction—Death rates among US veterans of the Persian Gulf War were lower than rates among non-deployed veterans and the US population at large, with the exception of injury deaths; returning veterans were at significantly greater risk of injury mortality. Similar patterns of excess injury mortality were documented among US and Australian veterans returning from Vietnam. In spite of these c...

Each major war tends to have a „signature injury‟, with traumatic brain injury (TBI) associated with the Iraq war (Operation Iraqi Freedom II and Operation Enduring Freedom) due to the high incidence of personnel injured by IED (improvised explosive devices). Based upon successful outcomes in a rat model, this study in swine examined the efficacy of application of either 50 or 100 mm Hg vacuum ...

INTRODUCTION Death rates among US veterans of the Persian Gulf War were lower than rates among non-deployed veterans and the US population at large, with the exception of injury deaths; returning veterans were at significantly greater risk of injury mortality. Similar patterns of excess injury mortality were documented among US and Australian veterans returning from Vietnam. In spite of these c...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop after a terrifying event involving physical injury or the threat of physical harm in war. Eight years of war after Iraq attacked Iran (between 1980-1988) caused thousands of PTSD among Iranian soldiers as well as civilians. Many of those people are suffering several decades from this form of anxiety most now a complicated form of complex PTSD. Y...

Doug Thompson; Ashley Fisher, MA The war in Iraq is the largest and longest sustained combat operation by the U.S. military since the Vietnam war. An estimated nearly 2 million U.S. military personnel have been deployed for Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom [1]. Dr. Chuck Scoville, Col. Ret., Chief of Amputee Patient Care at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, stated that as o...