نتایج جستجو برای: vpx

تعداد نتایج: 227  

Journal: :The Journal of biological chemistry 2005
Palakurthy Rajendra Kumar Prabhat K Singhal Malireddi R K Subba Rao Sundarasamy Mahalingam

Transport of the viral genome into the nucleus required phosphorylation of components in the preintegration complex by virion-associated host cellular kinases. In this study, we showed that ERK-2/MAPK is associated with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) virions and regulated the nuclear transport of Vpx and virus replication in non-proliferating target cells by phosphorylating Vpx. Suppressio...

2013
Haoran Guo Wei Wei Zhenhong Wei Xianjun Liu Sean L. Evans Weiming Yang Hong Wang Ying Guo Ke Zhao Jian-Ying Zhou Xiao-Fang Yu

The sterile alpha motif (SAM) and HD domain-containing protein-1 (SAMHD1) inhibits the infection of resting CD4+ T cells and myeloid cells by human and related simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV). Vpx inactivates SAMHD1 by promoting its proteasome-dependent degradation through an interaction with CRL4 (DCAF1) E3 ubiquitin ligase and the C-terminal region of SAMHD1. However, the determ...

2012
Mikako Fujita Masako Nomaguchi Akio Adachi Masami Otsuka

Both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) encode a unique set of accessory proteins that enhance viral replication in the host. Two similar accessory proteins, Vpx and Vpr, are encoded by HIV-2. In contrast, HIV-1 encodes Vpr but not Vpx. Recent studies have indicated that Vpx counteracts a particular host restriction factor, thereby facilitating reverse tr...

Journal: :Journal of virology 2009
Anna Bergamaschi Diana Ayinde Annie David Erwann Le Rouzic Marina Morel Gilles Collin Diane Descamps Florence Damond Françoise Brun-Vezinet Sebastien Nisole Florence Margottin-Goguet Gianfranco Pancino Catherine Transy

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) genomes encode several auxiliary proteins that have increasingly shown their importance in the virus-host relationship. One of these proteins, Vpx, is unique to the HIV-2/SIVsm lineage and is critical for viral replication in macrophages. The functional basis for this requirement, as well as the Vpx mode of action, h...

Journal: :Cell host & microbe 2012
Efrem S Lim Oliver I Fregoso Connor O McCoy Frederick A Matsen Harmit S Malik Michael Emerman

The human SAMHD1 protein potently restricts lentiviral infection in dendritic cells and monocyte/macrophages but is antagonized by the primate lentiviral protein Vpx, which targets SAMHD1 for degradation. However, only two of eight primate lentivirus lineages encode Vpx, whereas its paralog, Vpr, is conserved across all extant primate lentiviruses. We find that not only multiple Vpx but also so...

Journal: :Journal of virology 2012
Henning Hofmann Eric C Logue Nicolin Bloch Waaqo Daddacha Sylvie B Polsky Megan L Schultz Baek Kim Nathaniel R Landau

Sterile alpha motif domain- and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a deoxynucleoside triphosphohydrolase that restricts the replication of lentiviruses in myeloid cells by hydrolyzing the cellular deoxynucleotide triphosphates to a level below that which is required for reverse transcription. Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and some simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) enc...

Journal: :Journal of virology 1998
H A Pancio L Ratner

Incorporation of Vpx into human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) virus-like particles is mediated by the Gag polyprotein. We have identified residues 15 to 40 of Gag p6 and residues 73 to 89 of Vpx as being necessary for virion incorporation. In addition, we show enhanced in vitro binding of Vpx to a chimeric HIV-1/HIV-2 Gag construct containing residues 2 to 49 of HIV-2 p6 and demonstrate...

Journal: :Journal of virology 2008
Xiaogang Cheng Michael Belshan Lee Ratner

Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) Vpx is required for nuclear translocation of the viral preintegration complex (PIC) in quiescent cells. In order to decipher the mechanism of action of Vpx, a cDNA library was screened with the yeast two-hybrid assay, resulting in the identification of heat shock protein 40, Hsp40/DnaJB6, as a Vpx-interactive protein. Interaction with Vpx was confirme...

2015
David Schwefel Virginie C. Boucherit Evangelos Christodoulou Philip A. Walker Jonathan P. Stoye Kate N. Bishop Ian A. Taylor

The SAMHD1 triphosphohydrolase inhibits HIV-1 infection of myeloid and resting T cells by depleting dNTPs. To overcome SAMHD1, HIV-2 and some SIVs encode either of two lineages of the accessory protein Vpx that bind the SAMHD1 N or C terminus and redirect the host cullin-4 ubiquitin ligase to target SAMHD1 for proteasomal degradation. We present the ternary complex of Vpx from SIV that infects ...

Journal: :Virology 2015
Joseph A Hollenbaugh Susan M Schader Raymond F Schinazi Baek Kim

Vpx encoded by HIV-2 and SIVsm enhances retroviral reverse transcription in macrophages in vitro by mediating the degradation of the host SAMHD1 protein that hydrolyzes dNTPs and by elevating cellular dNTP levels. Here we employed RT-SHIV constructs (SIV encoding HIV-1 RT) to investigate the contribution of Vpx to the potency of NRTIs, which compete against dNTPs, in monocyte-derived macrophage...

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