This study investigates VP/vP preposing within the context of Multiple Nominative Constructions (MNCs). In Korean, a verbal constituent can be moved to sentence-initial position. However, when an unbound trace is contained preposed constituent, it violates Proper Binding Condition (PBC), rendering sentence ungrammatical. The PBC effect has non-trivial implications for structure VP/vP. paper acr...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Skull base surgery (SBS) involves operative tasks in close proximity to critical structures in a complex three-dimensional (3D) anatomy. The aim was to investigate the value of virtual planning (VP) based on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for surgical planning in SBS and to compare the effects of virtual planning with 3D contours between the expert and the s...

BACKGROUND Clinical reasoning is a fundamental process medical students have to learn during and after medical school. Virtual patients (VP) are a technology-enhanced learning method to teach clinical reasoning. However, VP systems do not exploit their full potential concerning the clinical reasoning process; for example, most systems focus on the outcome and less on the process of clinical rea...

To improve the effluent quality in accordance with the European and Romanian technical normative, in Ploieşti there will be built a new wastewater treatment plant with both the mechanical and biological steps, including the sludge treatment with an improved technology in pollutants’ removal. In literature, there are presented expert systems developed for wastewater treatment domain, being outli...

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat reduces the quality and economic value of grain, and increasing PHS tolerance is one of the most important traits in wheat breeding. Two new Vp-1B alleles related to PHS tolerance were identified on the 3BL chromosome of bread wheat and were designated Vp-1Bb and Vp-1Bc. Sequence analysis showed that Vp-1Bb has a 193 bp insertion and Vp-1Bc has a 83 bp delet...

One fundamental question in the context of the geometric complexity theory approach to the VP vs. VNP conjecture is whether VP = VP, where VP is the class of families of polynomials that can be computed by arithmetic circuits of polynomial degree and size, and VP is the class of families of polynomials that can be approximated infinitesimally closely by arithmetic circuits of polynomial degree ...

Metabolic activation is considered to be a critical step for styrene-induced pulmonary toxicity. Styrene-7,8-oxide is a primary oxidative metabolite generated by vinyl epoxidation of styrene. In addition, urinary 4-vinylphenol (4-VP), a phenolic metabolite formed by aromatic hydroxylation, has been detected in workers and experimental animals after exposure to styrene. In the present study, new...

The perimeters of vallate papillae (VP) house approximately half of the taste buds on the human tongue. However, little information exists regarding perimeter measurements of VP. Likewise, great diversity exists among reports of the number of VP and diameter of VP, in general. The research presents an analysis of the perimeters, counts, and diameters of VP in vivo. Endoscopic examination was pe...