Timebase distortion causes nonlinear distortion of waveforms measured by sampling instruments. When such instruments are used to measure the rms amplitude of the sampled waveforms, such distortions result in errors in the measured root-mean squared (rms) values. This paper looks at the nature of the errors that result from nonrandom quantization errors in an instrument’s timebase circuit. Simul...

Software techniques have been developed to take low-amplitude data in various patterns, assign a figure of merit to a set of data readings, edit data for erroneous readings (or other experimental variations), and to alert the experimenter if the detected errors are beyond the scope of the software. Erroneous voltage readings from digital voltmeters, intermittent electrical connections, and an a...

Some common analog-to-digital conversion techniques, and ben-etits derived trom dual slope as used in the new digital instrument. Drcrrar voLTMETERS DTFFER BASTcALLy from the commonly used analog voltmeters in one respect-their display or readout is a numeric display rather than a meter indication. Analog voltmeters seldom have accuracies greater than about 0.25%, and to achieve even these accu...

I n electroretinography (ERG) the use of the averaging computer has become standard practice for extracting the often low responses from the background electrical noise. If, besides the response magnitude the waveform of the response is of interest to the experimenter, the averaging technique indeed is a powerful tool. There are situations however, in which the waveform of the ERG is not of pri...