background: p. atrosepticum is a commercially important pathogen. it causes blackleg in the field and soft rot of tubers after the harvest. this effect is due to secretion of depolymerases and other virulence factors by several mechanisms including t3ss objectives: the effect of bacterial t3ss on solanum tuberosum (s. tuberosum) varieties and its relationship with s. tuberosum resistance gene e...

Understanding the basis of virulence of leukemia viruses is a major unsolved problem. Under natural and experimental conditions, retroviruses may replicate freely in the host with no profound consequence. Such is typically the case for vertically transmitted viruses that express early in life, e.g., the endogeneous baboon and murine Akv Grus [I]. We call such viruses avirulent. Horizontally tra...

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a highly versatile species with useful biotechnological potential but also with pathogenic properties. In light of possible differences in virulence characteristics, knowledge about genomic subgroups is therefore desirable. Two different genotyping methods, rep-PCR fingerprinting and partial gyrB gene sequencing were used to elucidate S. maltophilia intraspecies ...

The vast majority of infections involving female pelvic structures arise from organisms that are members of the normal flora. In addition, exogenous organisms that invade through the lower genital tract must interact with organisms that are part of the host's flora. In contrast to the concept that the normal flora is entirely innocuous, recent research has begun to identify what appear to be vi...

Purpose: The antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence traits of 150 strains of Escherichia coli characterized as commensals recovered from faecal samples from pre-school age children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria were evaluated in order to determine their potentials for pathogenicity and their contribution to antibiotic resistance in the community. Methods: The isolates were identified using convention...

Vaccinia virus (VACV) encodes many immunomodulatory proteins, including inhibitors of apoptosis and modulators of innate immune signalling. VACV protein N1 is an intracellular homodimer that contributes to virus virulence and was reported to inhibit nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB signalling. However, analysis of NF-kappaB signalling in cells infected with recombinant viruses with or without the N1L...