uring the reign of the fourth Qajar king, Naser-ad-Din Shah (who reigned from 1848–1896), the Chief Minister, Amir Kabir, was involved in modernization of Iran. He founded the first modern higher educational institute in Iran the so called “Dar al-Fonun” (House of Techniques) in 1851. One of the subjects taught there was medicine; now, it is considered a major step in promulgation of modern med...