Vitreoscilla filiformis (VF) biomass (VFB) has been widely used in cosmetic preparations and shown to modulate the major inducible free-radical scavenger mitochondrial superoxide dismutase in skin cells. By adding La Roche-Posay (LRP) thermal spring water to the VF culture medium, we obtained a biomass (LRP-VFB) with a similar mitochondrial superoxide dismutase activation capacity to VF. Also, ...

The unwanted high threshold voltage (Vt) is the major challenge for metal-gate/high-j CMOS especially at small equivalent-oxide-thickness (EOT). We have investigated the high Vt issue that is due to flat-band voltage (Vfb) roll-off at smaller EOT. A mechanism of charged oxygen vacancies formed by interface reaction was proposed to explain the Vfb roll-off effect. This interface reaction can be ...

In this paper, we report the effects of a N2 postmetallization annealing PMA on the reliability and charge-trapping characteristics of tungsten/La2O3/silicon structures. The samples are stressed with a constant-voltage stressing CVS with substrate injection. After the stressing we found that the flatband voltage VFB of the samples positively shifts, indicating a net negative charge trapped in t...

We demonstrated that a flat band voltage (VFB) shift could be controlled in TiN/(LaO or ZrO)/SiO2 stack structures. The VFB shift described in term of metal diffusion into the TiN film and silicate formation in the inserted (LaO or ZrO)/SiO2 interface layer. The metal doping and silicate formation confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)...

The impact of interface/border defect on performance and reliability was investigated for gate-first and gate-last high-k/metal-gate CMOSFET. For high-k/metal-gate CMOSFET, VFB roll-off is critical as effective oxide thickness (EOT) scales below 15 angstrom (Å) especially for metal gate-first device with an extra capping layer to adjust VTH. By proposing a model of metal-gate process induced in...

We proposed a novel extraction method for the flat band voltage (VFB) in MOSFETs by using optical excitation. Analyzing the optical substrate current (Isub,photo) by simulation and analytical model, it has been applied to charge trapped flash (CTF) memory cells for extracting the lateral profile of trapped charges. Because VFB of the programmed region is higher than that of non-programmed regio...

Solid solutions of CdS and CdSe of different compositions were prepared by s inter ing pressed pellets and vacuum evaporation. The bandgap of the mixtures varied monotonical ly with percent composition be tween that of CdS and CdSe. Studies of the photoassisted oxidation of sulfide with these electrodes wi th a 1M Na2S, 0.1M NaOH electrolyte showed that the flatband potentials (Vfb) of the mixt...

Exfoliated nanosheets derived from Dion-Jacobson phase layer perovskites (TBAxH1-xA2B3O10, A = Sr, Ca, B = Nb, Ta) were grown layer-by-layer on fluorine-doped tin oxide and gold electrode surfaces. Electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) of the five-layer nanosheet films in contact with aqueous electrolyte solutions were analyzed by the Mott-Schottky method to obtain flat-band potentials (VFB) ...

The forces between a silica probe and an n-type TiO2 single-crystal electrode were measured using an atomic force microscope in an aqueous electrolyte solution. These interactions were a strong function of the solution pH, the presence of specifically adsorbed anions, and the TiO2 electrode potential. For a series of pH values, a strong electrostatic repulsion was seen at high pH and decreased ...

ABSTRACT
 The purpose of this study was to isolate and test its cytotoxic activity starting from extract fraction compound, then carried out molecular docking confirm the potential biological ligands (vocangine, vobtusine, vobtusine lactone) against inhibition proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1), activation protein Bax apoptotic execution Caspase-3. This research is an experimental quantitativ...