German verbal inflection is frequently wrong in standard statistical machine translation approaches. German verbs agree with subjects in person and number, and they bear information about mood and tense. For subject–verb agreement, we parse German MT output to identify subject–verb pairs and ensure that the verb agrees with the subject. We show that this approach improves subject-verb agreement...

Lexicalized theories of syntax often assume that verb-structure regularities are mediated by lemmas, which abstract over variation in verb tense and aspect. German syntax seems to challenge this assumption, because verb position depends on tense and aspect. To examine how German speakers link these elements, a structural priming study was performed which varied syntactic structure, verb positio...

We examined how several semantic richness variables contribute to verb meaning, across a number of tasks. Because verbs can vary in tense, and the manner in which tense is coded (i.e., regularity), we also examined how these factors moderated the effects of semantic richness. In Experiment 1 we found that age of acquisition (AoA), valence, arousal and embodiment predicted faster response times ...

Eye tracking research on situated language comprehension has shown that participants rely more on a recent event than on a plausible future event during spoken sentence comprehension. When people saw a recent action event and then they listened to a German (NP1-Verb-Adv-NP2) past or futuric present tense sentence, they preferentially looked at the recent event target over another plausible targ...

This paper investigates how linguistic expressions of time, in particular temporal adverbs and verb tense morphemes, are used to establish temporal reference at the level of brain physiology. First, a formal semantic analysis of tense and temporal adverbs is outlined. It is argued that computing temporal reference amounts to solving a constraint satisfaction problem. Next, the results of an eve...

The Verb Group Traditionally the verb group was studied following the Latin model of analysis, that is, it was classified according to the “tense”: Present Simple, Present Progressive, Past Simple, Past Progressive, Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Future and so on. This type of classification, although familiar to the Spanish learner, is confusing in the sense that it makes each tense an isolate...

in the present article the frequency and percentage distribution of different verb tenses have been analyzed in books of 1, 2 and 3 of masnavi. the hypothesis is that it is possible to identify the degree of realism, narrative stylistic and some aspects of grammatical voice by using the feature of tense. the theoretical framework is based on systematic functional grammar and traditional grammar...

Two distinct mechanisms are often considered necessary to account for generation of the past-tense of English verbs: a lexical associative process for irregular forms like speak “ spoke, and a rule-governed process (‘add -ed ’) for regular and novel forms like talk “ talked and wug “ wugged. An alternative account based on a parallel-distributed processing approach proposes that one complex pro...

BACKGROUND Recent literature documented the presence of spatial-temporal interactions in the human brain. The aim of the present study was to verify whether representation of past and future is also mapped onto spatial representations and whether the cerebellum may be a neural substrate for linking space and time in the linguistic domain. We asked whether processing of the tense of a verb is in...