In the context of a multi-racial country consisting Malays, Chinese, and Indians as main majority, search for value national architectural identity is important in highlighting racial harmony. Therefore, establishing framework necessary to ensure this can be realized. This paper focuses on construction an frameworkof based results previous scholarly studies. study uses hermeneutic methodology w...

Understanding the transformations of a historic building is complex but necessary operation to plan future, more aware maintenance works that preserve architectural quality. This study proposed analyze changes undergone by an edifice over time virtue Vitruvian triad, namely criteria formalised Vitruvius judge architecture: firmitas (construction system), utilitas (utility), and venustas (aesthe...

This paper seeks to investigate a new definition for architecture by unifying the three Vitruvian principles of firmitas, utilities, and venustas via a phenomenological approach in the interpretation and analysis of their role in defining architecture. The paper is composed in two main sections. The first section investigates the nature of architecture based on the mentioned principles, where a...

this paper seeks to investigate a new definition for architecture by unifying the three vitruvian principles of firmitas, utilities, and venustas via a phenomenological approach in the interpretation and analysis of their role in defining architecture. the paper is composed in two main sections. the first section investigates the nature of architecture based on the mentioned principles, where a...

A good design is the key to a successful product. Almost 2000 years ago, the Roman architect Vitruvius already recorded what makes a design good: durability (rmitas), utility (utilitas) and charm (venustas). These quality requirements still hold, for buildings as well as software systems. A well-designed system is easy to implement, is understandable and reliable, and allows for smooth evolutio...

technical secondary schools are becoming a common type of schools in iran and “architectural drafting” is a popular field provided in it to prepare drafting technicians for design offices. another main purpose can be conceived for these courses and it is to fill the gap between profession of architecture and the society. special teaching method proposed for these courses is valid to pay attenti...