Endocardial fibroelastosis in neonates with hypoplasia of the left ventricle is usually associated with severe aortic stenosis or atresia. In this study three hearts were examined, in which severe hypoplasia of the left ventricular cavity with myocardial hypertrophy and endocardial fibroelastosis were associated with small but non-stenotic subaortic outflow tracts and aortic valves. These featu...

OBJECTIVE.Our goal was to determine whether the third ventricle is significantly enlarged among neonates with trisomy 21, compared with infants without clinical signs of trisomy 21. This enlargement might be related to hypoplasia of the structures surrounding the third ventricle. These structures participate in cognitive development, and hypoplasia in this area may be responsible for some of th...

OBJECTIVE Management of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) can be directed to either biventricular repair or univentricular palliation. The optimal management strategy has yet to be defined. METHODS All patients operated at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne for PAIVS between 1990 and 2006 (n = 81) were reviewed. Patients were retrospectively stratified into a simp...

Congenital aortic valve atresia is usually part of a developmental anomaly usually called 'hypoplastic left-heart syndrome'. To the best of our knowledge, most reported cases of aortic atresia have been associated with hypoplasia of the ascending aorta, of the left ventricle, and of the mitral valve. We report a patient presenting with aortic atresia with a ventricular septal defect and a norma...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Because of improved visualization of posterior fossa structures with MR imaging, cerebellar malformations are recognized with increasing frequency. Herein we attempt to describe and propose a rational classification of cerebellar malformations. METHODS MR images obtained in 70 patients with cerebellar malformations were retrospectively reviewed. The cerebellar malformat...

We report multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) findings of a 34-year-old female with isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia. The MDCT and CMR scans displayed a spherical left ventricle (LV) with extensive fatty infiltration within the myocardium at the apex, interventricular septum and inferior wall, anteroapical origin of the papillary muscle, righ...

We describe the case of a nine-day-old female Holstein calf which had cheiloschisis, a moderate dome-shaped head, ataxia and opisthotonus since birth. No significant findings except the dome-shaped head were observed on survey radiography of the skull. Computed tomography (CT) images showed bilateral lateral ventriculomegaly, cerebellar hypoplasia and a cyst-like lesion communicating with the r...

Dandy-Walker Malformation (DWM) is a rare congenital anomaly of the posterior cranial fossa. Features DWM include hypoplasia cerebellar vermis, enlargement fossa, and cystic dilatation fourth ventricle. MRI modality to confirm diagnosis. Treatment usually symptomatic required when signs hydrocephalus develop. Rare cases asymptomatic diagnosed incidentally are reported in literature. We report c...

We present the case of a 3-month-old infant with tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) with pulmonary artery hypoplasia, critical right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction and the presence of major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCA) and CATCH 22 syndrome. Due to anatomical conditions (severe pulmonary artery hypoplasia), the patient was not qualified for palliative operative treatment Blaloc...