Dorsal-ventral patterning of the Drosophila embryo depends on NFκB superfamily transcription factor Dorsal (Dl). Toll receptor activation signals for degradation IκB inhibitor Cactus (Cact), leading to a ventral-to-dorsal nuclear Dl gradient. Cact is critical import, as it binds and prevents from entering nuclei. Quantitative analysis cact mutants revealed an additional function promote translo...

we herein report a case of ventral side of tongue lipoma in a 60-year old man who referred to our department with a mass at the right ventral side of his tongue that had existed there for an unknown period of time. clinical examination revealed a yellowish nodular lesion measuring 1 cm in diameter. histological examination showed mature adipocytes and varying size vessels between lobules of the...

The relationship between the anatomy and neurochemistry of neurons in the ventral medulla oblongata in regions that is responsible for cardiovascular, airways, and respiratory regulation was investigated. Microinjections of excitant amino acid (glutamate, 100 nl, 100 mM) were made throughout the ventral medulla in anesthetized rats. Arterial blood pressure, sympathetic nerve activity and phreni...

AbsractA rare variant of ansa cervicalis was discovered during dissection of the neck in amale cadaver. The superior root of the Ansa cervicalis was formed by the C1 ventralramus. It accompanied with the vagus nerve in place of the hypoglossal nerve and descendedinto the carotid sheath with it. Moreover the C1 ventral ramus formed fromthe sheath and joined the inferior root from C2 and C3 ventr...

ABSTRACT All epithelial components of the inner ear, including sensory hair cells and innervating afferent neurons, arise by patterning differentiation progenitors residing in a simple sphere, otocyst. Here, we identify transcriptional repressors TBX2 TBX3 as novel regulators these processes mouse. Ablation Tbx2 from otocyst led to cochlear hypoplasia, whereas loss Tbx3 was associated with vest...

congenital left ventricular diverticulum is a rare cardiac malformation. two categories of congenital ventricular diverticulum have been identified with regard to their localization: apical and non-apical. apical diverticula are always associated with midline thoraco-abdominal defects and other heart malformations. non-apical diverticula are always isolated defects. diagnosis is established by ...

this study has examined the functional importance of nucleus accumbens (nac)-ventral tegmental area (vta) interactions. as it is known, this interaction is important in associative reward processes. under urethane anesthesia, extracellular single unit recordings of the shell sub-region of the nucleus accumbens (nacsh) neurons were employed to determine the functional contributions of the vta to...