Hyponatremia (hypo-osmolality) is a disorder of water homeostasis due to abnormal renal diluting capacity. The body limits the degree which serum sodium concentration falls through mechanism called “vasopressin escape”. Vasopressin escape process that prevents continuous decrease in even under conditions sustained high plasma vasopressin levels. Previous reports suggest aldosterone may be invol...

background: vasopressin type 2 receptor (v2r) plays an important role in the water reabsorption in the kidney collecting ducts. v2r is a g protein coupled receptor (gpcr) and the triplet of amino acids aspartate-arginine-histidine (drh) in this receptor might significantly influence its activity similar to other gpcr. however, the role of this motif has not been fully confirmed. therefore, the ...

background: the purpose of this study was to assess the vasopressin effect on operation time and the need for electrocauterization frequency and ovarian reserve during laparoscopic stripping of ovarian endometriomas. methods: this was a randomized prospective clinical trial, in which twenty patients between 18-35 years with unilateral endometriomas were randomly divided in two groups of cases a...

Subjects with obesity frequently have elevated serum vasopressin levels, noted by measuring the stable analog, copeptin. Vasopressin acts primarily to reabsorb water via urinary concentration. However, fat is also a source of metabolic water, raising possibility that might role in accumulation. Fructose has been reported stimulate vasopressin. Here, we tested hypothesis fructose-induced syndrom...

Recently, chronic hyponatremia, even mild, has shown to be associated with poor quality of life and high mortality. The mechanism by which hyponatremia contributes those symptoms, however, remains elucidated. Syndrome inappropriate secretion antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a primary cause hyponatremia. Appropriate animal models are crucial for investigating the pathophysiology SIADH. A rat mode...

the antidiuretic effect of arginine vasopressin (avp) is mediated by the vasopressin v2 receptor. the docking study of avp as a ligand to v2 receptor helps in identifying important amino acid residues that might be involved in avp binding for predicting the lowest free energy state of the protein complex. whereas previous researchers were not able to detect the exact site of the ligand-receptor...

objective: the present study aimed to determine whether castration altered osmotically stimulated vasopressin (vp) release and urinary volume and what is the role of endocrine-stress axis in this process. materials and methods: totally 108 mice were studied in two main groups of castrated (n=78) and control (n=30). each group was extracted by acute cold stress (4◦c for 2h/day), restraint stress...

Brain injuries can interrupt descending neural pathways that convey motor commands from the cortex to spinal motoneurons. Here, we demonstrate a unilateral injury of hindlimb sensorimotor rats with completely transected thoracic cord produces postural asymmetry contralateral flexion and asymmetric withdrawal reflexes within 3 hr, as well in gene expression patterns lumbar cord. The injury-induc...

Vasopressin is a stress hormone. However, vasopressin levels are inappropriately low in septic shock. Vasopressin stimulates AVPR1a, AVPR1b, AVPR2 and purinergic receptors. Vasopressin increases blood pressure by occupying AVPR1a receptors on vascular smooth muscle. An increase in ventricular afterload due to vasopressor administration limits ventricular systolic ejection, an effect that become...

BACKGROUND Current research suggests that administration of vasopressin to patients with uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (UHS) can avoid the detrimental effects associated with aggressive fluid resuscitation. However, vasopressin has a short half-life of 10~35 minutes in in vivo use and precludes its use in the pre-hospital setting. To increase the half-life of vasopressin, we proposed to synthe...