Gluteal syndrome (GS), a new low-back-pain subtype mimicking sciatica, has been included in the 11th Revision of International Classification Diseases (ICD-11). Low back pain is symptom, not disease, and main problem associated with it complexity. A plausible generator gluteal central sensitization process therapeutic target area, which are trigger points located within muscles. It hypothesized...

In this review, we present the basic properties, physiological functions, regulation, and pathological alterations of four major classes of K+ channels that have been detected in vascular smooth muscle cells. Voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels open upon depolarization of the plasma membrane in vascular smooth muscle cells. The subsequent efflux of K+ through the channels induces repolarization ...

Using an ex vivo perfused rat small intestinal model, we examined pathological changes to the tissue, inflammation induction, as well as dynamic changes to smooth muscle activity, metabolic competence, and luminal fluid accumulation during short-term infection with the enteropathogenic bacteria Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Yersinia enterocolitica. Although few effects were seen u...

Background : Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disease of multiple venous and/or arterial thrombosis pregnancy loss. Oxidative stress only enhances the body’s immune response. In pathological conditions, formation nitric oxide disrupted, which can be manifested by vasoconstriction, increased coagulation, and endothelial dysfunction. Objective The aim research was to study level immunog...

A platform technology has been developed and tested for delivery of intracellular-acting peptides through electrostatically complexed nanoparticles, or nano-polyplexes, formulated from an anionic endosomolytic polymer and cationic therapeutic peptides. This delivery platform has been initially tested and optimized for delivery of two unique vasoactive peptides, a phosphomimetic of heat shock pr...

Shock has been differentiated from hemorrhage on the basis of hemoconcentration, negative reaction to blood transfusions, and pathological changes in the tissues (1). In hemorrhage, dilution of the blood occurs while concentration takes place in shock. After simple loss of blood, prompt recovery follows transfusion, whereas in severe shock, the administration of blood is frequently unavailing. ...

background: autoregulation of blood flow is a marvelous phenomenon balanc- ing blood supply and tissue demand. although many chemically-based explanations for this phenomenon have been proposed and some of them are commonly used today, biomechanical aspects of this phenomenon was neglected. the biomechanical aspect provides insights to us to model vessel diameter changes more precisely and comp...