Multi-step analytical tests, such as an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), require delivery of multiple fluids into a reaction zone and counting the incubation time at different steps. This paper presents a new type of paper-based magnetic valves that can count the time and turn on or off a fluidic flow accordingly, enabling timed fluid control in paper-based microfluidics. The timing c...

Many problems and complications associated with heart valves are related to the dynamic behavior of the valve and the resultant unsteady flow patterns. An accurate depiction of the spatial and temporal velocity and rms distributions imparts better understanding of flow related valve complications, and may be used as a guideline in valve design. While the generalized correlation between increase...

Failure to utilize valving and automation techniques has restricted the complexity of fluidic operations that can be performed in paper microfluidic devices. We developed a toolkit of paper microfluidic valves and methods for automatic valve actuation using movable paper strips and fluid-triggered expanding elements. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first functional demonstration of th...

Abstract This paper describes the engineering structure and functions of a typical solenoid valve used in hydraulic mechanisms that are based on variable camshaft timing (VCT). The main operating parameters functional utility coefficients valves have been defined. Tests 10 reference prototype were run test stand for comparative assessment both concepts Welch Mann–Whitney statistical tests mean ...

A best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was: which is the best tissue valve for use in the pulmonary position, late after previous repair of tetralogy of Fallot? Altogether 141 papers were found using the reported search, of which 13 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. In addition to this, 1 paper...

Adjustable throat-area expansion valves (ATAEV) are functioned as area regulator control units. In literatures, there are many expansion valves normally used in automotive air-conditioning systems, as regulator and electrical type valves. Nevertheless, a review study for such issue has not been introduced, according to the best of author knowledge. The present paper presents a review study for ...

Background Heart valve injuries due to non-penetrating blunt thoracic trauma are rare with aortic valve being the most vulnerable. Tricuspid valve injury resulting in severe regurgitation is unusual after blunt chest trauma. Two major issues for the management of traumatic tricuspid regurgitation are timing and type of the operation. Valve repair is naturally the first choice but valve replacem...