intra- city natural structures have an important role in developing city qualities and the promotion of its aesthetic, ecological and social values which also allow people to have their recreational activities. as tehran river-valleys have been damaged according to users’ behaviors and irregular constructions, the present paper aims to identify the typical behavioral characters of tourists in d...

The present study of the cyclooctatetraene potential energy surface shows the presence of a bifurcation (valley ridge inflection point) in the intrinsic reaction coordinate path between the two transition states of D(8h) and D(4h) symmetries. This result is of capital importance for the correct understanding of the bond shifting and ring inversion processes in this compound.

Policy-makers and captains of industry in the Netherlands and Flanders have come up with plans, actions, and measures to stimulate innovation and entrepreneurship in the ICT-industries. Inspired by the vision and experiences with new business development and cluster formation in Silicon Valley, Route 128 and Silicon Alley, they seek to create indigenous technopoles in the Low Countries. Some of...

The reaction path connects a chemical potential energy landscape and the conceptual descriptions of chemical mechanisms and reactivity. In recent years, a class of predictor-corrector integrators has been developed and shown to provide an excellent compromise between computational efficiency and numerical accuracy. Models based on projected frequencies along the reaction path and coupling matri...

In the valley-free path model, a path in a given directed graph is valid if it consists of a sequence of forward edges followed by a sequence of backward edges. This model is motivated by BGP routing policies of autonomous systems in the Internet. Robustness considerations lead to the problem of computing a maximum number of disjoint paths between two nodes, and the minimum size of a cut that s...

Remote sensing and field evidence are used to describe sand deposits found in associated pathways of emplacement in the eastern Mojave Desert. Two separate pathways are identified here: one extending eastward from the Bristol Playa through the Cadiz and Danby Playas and Rice Valley to the Colorado River, and a second parallel path extending eastward from Dale Playa through the Palen and Ford Pl...

The reaction path is an important concept of theoretical chemistry. We employ the definitions of the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC), the gradient extremal (GE), and the Newton trajectory (NT). The usual imagination in chemistry is that a minimum energy path is in a convex region of the potential energy surface. We describe different schemes of convexity to handle the situation. It comes ou...

OpenStreetMaps (OSM) is currently studied as the environment representation for autonomous navigation. It provides advantages such global consistency, a heavy-less map construction process, and wide variety of road information publicly available. However, location this usually not very accurate locally. In paper, we present complete navigation pipeline using OSM planning. To avoid flaw local lo...

Behavior of the Euclidean path integral at large orders of the perturbation series is studied. When the model allows tunneling, the path-integral functional in the zero instanton sector is known to be dominated by bounce-like configurations at large order of the perturbative series, which causes non-convergence of the series. We find that in addition to this bounce the perturbative functional h...

We examine the effects of frequency variation along the reaction path in intramolecular or lattice modes on the rate constant for light atom transfer in the condensed phase. Accurate quantum mechanical calculations using the quasi-adiabatic propagator path integral representation of the flux–flux auto-correlation function reveal significant variations in the reaction rate compared with the cons...