Speculum examination to inspect vaginal walls, cervix, and characteristics of discharge. Although not mandatory, vaginal pH can be checked by using a swab to collect discharge from the lateral vaginal wall and rubbing on to narrow range pH paper. This can help discriminate between bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and candidiasis. Take endocervical swabs if there is risk of sexually transmit...

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of pathological vaginal discharge and to describe risk factors associated with pregnant women. All women living in the city of Rio Grande, Southern Brazil, who gave birth in 2010 were included in the study. A standardized questionnaire was administered to collect information on demographic, reproductive, and health-related factors and morbidity during p...

OBJECTIVE This study examined the prevalence of gonorrhea in girls <12 years of age who presented with vaginitis and in whom sexual abuse was not suspected. DESIGN A prospective, consecutive patient series was performed in a pediatric emergency department with 90 000 visits per year and in 2 affiliated pediatric continuity clinics. All girls (Tanner I or II) between the ages of 12 months and ...

BACKGROUND Vaginal discharge is very common problem among females. Alteration in balance of normal vaginal organisms can cause the overgrowth of the bacteria that creates vaginal discharge. It is common among sexually active women yet there still remain gaps in our knowledge of this infectious disorder. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency of bacterial vaginosis (BV), vaginal candidiasis (VC),...

nglish has become the internationally shared language for science. Being the main language used in meetings and publications, English must be translated to the various languages of the international scientific community. The material to be translated includes every text presenting a conclusion, consensus, or "law" in every field of knowledge. Therefore, the use of specific terms is mandatory in...

OBJECTIVES To understand women's perceptions and health seeking behavior and the association between vaginal discharge, clinical signs and laboratory findings as a presentation of sexually transmitted diseases (STD). METHODS We conducted five focus group discussions with women attending the outpatient department in a large public hospital in Katmandu, Nepal, during May-June 1997. We also inte...

Background: To determine the frequency of bacterial vaginosis in female patients with complaint of vaginal discharge and to evaluate the accuracy of Amsel’s clinical criteria taking Nugent criteria as gold standard. Methods: In this descriptive study female patients of a reproductive age group presenting with a complaint of abnormal vaginal discharge were included. A routine gynaecological spec...