The attention given the natural geologic background of a site and its influence on geophysical sensors has grown considerably over the past several years, primarily because of the governmentsupported unexploded ordnance (UXO) technology demonstrations and government mandated UXO cleanup activities. Explosive and ordnance detection (EOD) teams have encountered difficulties at sites thought to be...

Laboratory tests and field examples of the horizontal field component measurements in shallow transient electromagnetic (TEM) surveys show the utility of these data in target characterization in reconnaissance, random-walk surveys for unexploded ordnance (UXO) and underground utilities. For example, prior work has shown that the Hx component (which we define as the horizontal field component in...

An explosive ordnance is a munition that is either launched or fired with the intent of detonation at a specified target. An unexploded ordnance (UXO) is an explosive ordnance that, due to some malfunction, remains undetonated. As a result, the ordnance can be found at the ground surface, partially buried, or buried at a depth of up to 8 m beneath the surface. Practical and cost-effective strat...

ENSCO, Inc. is investigating a novel approach to data fusion of magnetic and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data to characterize previously detected buried targets. The method exploits a single model of the subsurface to predict both magnetic and GPR data observations. By determining the best single model that constrains both data sets, the optimum identification is computed. Using an a priori ...

We have developed an algorithm for the automatic detection of prospective unexploded ordnance UXO anomalies in total-field or gradient magnetic data based on the concept of the structural index SI of a magnetic anomaly. Identifying magnetic anomalies having specific structural indices enables the direct detection of potential UXO targets. The total magnetic field produced by a dipolelike source...

Classification based on shape is central to the problem of discriminating between unexploded ordnance (UXO) and clutter. Most UXO fit a specific profile: they are long and slender with typical length-to-diameter aspect ratios of four or five. Most clutter items, on the other hand, do not fit this profile. Using electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor data, we present a model-based estimation pro...

According to the Department of Defense, over 10 million acres of land in the US need to be cleared of buried unexploded ordnance (UXO). Worldwide, UXO injures thousands each year. Cleanup costs are prohibitively expensive due to the difficulties in discriminating buried UXO from other inert non-UXO objects. Government agencies are actively searching for improved sensor methodologies to detect a...

For unexploded O=ordnance (UXO) detection, individual technology cannot achieve the best detection performance. The new mode of joint magnetic and electromagnetic method has attracted more attention. In this paper, a newly developed system is introduced, multi-rotor UAV-based (UAVMAG) cart-based time-domain (TDEM-Cart) are combined, cooperative processing field data proposed. result inversion f...

A prime requirement in discrimination between UXO and non-UXO metallic fragments (clutter) is to determine accurately the response parameters that characterize a metallic object in the ground. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has been involved in assessing and comparing existing systems, and designing an optimum system for UXO detection. A prototype of a new electromagnetic system will be ...