conclusions the results revealed that the strains under study could be epidemically related. it seems that an alternative subtyping method is needed to study the relationship among clinical s. sonnei strains and their transmission. here, we reported for the first time, two strains of s. sonnei with a different pcr-rflp pattern for ipah gene. results all shigella isolates were positive for both ...

background: indigenous chickens could serve as precious genetic resources that should be considered in conservation and breeding programs. the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) has a strong association to disease resistance/susceptibility, production and reproduction traits in chicken. therefore, identifying its polymorphism in populations under selective breeding could be used for selecti...

Three species of L. tropica, L. major and L. infantum are known as main causal agents of leishmaniasis have been reported in Iran. Since cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in North East of Iran, in the present work, 50 Leishmania positive isolates from human cases in Mashhad (Center of Razavi province, North East of Iran), were genotyped by means of polymerase chain reaction-restriction f...

conclusions several previous studies used pcr-rflp to genotype hbv; however, we showed the high risk to obtain atypical profiles, especially in advanced stages of chronic infection, with as results difficulties to genotype the virus. these profiles resulted from the accumulation of mutations during natural course of infection resulting in a modification in restriction sites for enzymes. so, we ...

conclusions the results of the present study, compared to the previous studies, showed a significantly lower prevalence of cutaneous candidiasis. among candida species, c. albicans was still the most common infectious agent isolated from clinical samples. shifting toward non-albicans candida species was not confirmed in this study. in addition, our study revealed that there is a direct correlat...

identification  of clinically  significant  nocardia  species  is essential  for the definitive diagnosis, predict antimicrobial susceptibility, epidemiological purposes,  and  for  an  effective  treatment.   conventional   identification   of nocardia species in routine medical laboratories which is based on phenotypic (cellular morphology, colonial characteristics), biochemical and enzymatic...

an attempt has been made to analyze the distribution of the beta-lactoglobulin genotype in swamp buffaloes and murrah buffaloes utilizing polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(pcr-rflp). blood samples were taken from 50 swamp buffaloes and 50 murrah buffaloes. the dna was extracted by the phenol-chloroform method. the pcr-rflp was performed using beta-lactoglobulin ...